Diesters of (E)-2-alkylidenesuccinic acids obtained by conjugate addition of nitroalkanes to dimethyl maleate can be selectively monohydrolyzed at the more reactive carboxyl group to the corresponding half-ester. Alternatively, total hydrolysis to the diacid allows a subsequent selective methyl esterification of the alkanoic carboxyl group to give the other regioisomeric half-ester. 2-Alkylsuccinic
通过将硝基
烷烃共轭加成到
马来酸二甲酯中而获得的(E)-2-亚烷基
琥珀酸的二酯可以在反应性更高的羧基上选择性地单
水解成相应的半酯。可选择地,全部
水解为二酸允许链烷羧基的随后的选择性甲基酯化,以给出其他区域异构的半酯。可以通过不饱和衍
生物的催化加氢最终获得2-烷基
琥珀酸单酯。