This work demonstrated the successful application of N-halamine technology for wound dressings rendered antimicrobial by facile and inexpensive processes. Four N-halamine compounds, which possess different functional groups and chemistry, were synthesized. The N-halamine compounds, which contained oxidative chlorine, the source of antimicrobial activity, were impregnated into or coated onto standard non-antimicrobial wound dressings. N-halamine-employed wound dressings inactivated about 6 to 7 logs of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in brief periods of contact time. Moreover, the N-halamine-modified wound dressings showed superior antimicrobial efficacies when compared to commercially available silver wound dressings. Zone of inhibition tests revealed that there was no significant leaching of the oxidative chlorine from the materials, and inactivation of bacteria occurred by direct contact. Shelf life stability tests showed that the dressings were stable to loss of oxidative chlorine when they were stored for 6 months in dark environmental conditions. They also remained stable under florescent lighting for up to 2 months of storage. They could be stored in opaque packaging to improve their shelf life stabilities. In vitro skin irritation testing was performed using a three-dimensional human reconstructed tissue model (EpiDerm™). No potential skin irritation was observed. In vitro cytocompatibility was also evaluated. These results indicate that N-halamine wound dressings potentially can be employed to prevent infections, while at the same time improving the healing process by eliminating undesired bacterial growth.
这项工作证明了 N-卤胺技术在伤口敷料抗菌方面的成功应用,其工艺简单、成本低廉。研究人员合成了四种具有不同官能团和
化学性质的 N-卤胺化合物。这些 N-卤胺化合物含有氧化
氯(抗菌活性的来源),被浸渍或涂覆在标准的非抗菌伤口敷料上。使用了 N-
丙胺的伤口敷料能在短时间内灭活约 6 到 7 个对数的
金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌。此外,与市售的
银制伤口敷料相比,N-
丙胺改性伤口敷料的抗菌效果更佳。抑菌区测试表明,材料中的氧化
氯没有明显浸出,细菌通过直接接触而失活。保质期稳定性测试表明,敷料在黑暗的环境条件下存放 6 个月后,氧化
氯的损失情况稳定。在荧光灯下存放 2 个月,敷料也能保持稳定。敷料可存放在不透明的包装中,以提高其货架期稳定性。使用三维人体重建组织模型(EpiDerm™)进行了体外皮肤刺激性测试。未观察到潜在的皮肤刺激。此外,还对体外细胞相容性进行了评估。这些结果表明,N-哈拉敏伤口敷料可用于预防感染,同时通过消除细菌生长来改善愈合过程。