Discovery of the Hemifumarate and (α-<scp>l</scp>-Alanyloxy)methyl Ether as Prodrugs of an Antirheumatic Oxindole: Prodrugs for the Enolic OH Group
作者:Ralph P. Robinson、Lawrence A. Reiter、Wayne E. Barth、Anthony M. Campeta、Kelvin Cooper、Brian J. Cronin、Rosalina Destito、Kathleen M. Donahue、Fred C. Falkner、Eugene F. Fiese、Diane L. Johnson、Alexander V. Kuperman、Theodore E. Liston、Deborah Malloy、John J. Martin、David Y. Mitchell、Frank W. Rusek、Sheri L. Shamblin、Charles F. Wright
DOI:10.1021/jm950575k
日期:1996.1.1
acceptable bioavailabilities of 1 across species (rats, dogs, and monkeys) followed the inclusion of ionizable functionality within the promoiety to compensate for masking the polar enolic OH group of the free drug. However, the introduction of ionizable functionality was often associated with decreased stability, as demonstrated by the hemisuccinate, hemiadipate, hemisuberate, and alpha-amino ester derivatives
制备了抗风湿性羟吲哚1的醚,酯和碳酸酯衍生物,并将其筛选为1的潜在前药。这一工作导致发现了1的(α-L-丙氨氧基)-甲基醚和半富马酸酯衍生物,可以有效地递送药物。进入试验动物的循环中,在固态下是稳定的,并且在确保胃稳定所需的低pH值的溶液中具有良好的稳定性。成功实现了跨物种(大鼠,狗和猴子)1的可接受生物利用度,其原因是在促销品中加入了可离子化的功能,以补偿掩盖游离药物的极性烯醇式OH基团。但是,如半琥珀酸酯,半己二酸酯,半豆酸酯,和无法分离的1的α-氨基酯衍生物。一个明显的例外是1的半富马酸酯衍生物,它在中性pH下不仅可分离,而且实际上比不可电离的酯类似物更稳定。半富马酸盐的溶液和固态稳定性,以及其作为1的前药的活性表明,半富马酸盐被认为是半琥珀酸酯作为醇的前药衍生物的替代物,特别是在溶液状态稳定性是一个问题的情况下。