3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bithiophene

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 双噻吩和低聚噻吩
• 英文名称: 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bithiophene
• 英文别名: 2,4-Dibromo-5-(3,5-dibromo-4-methylthiophen-2-yl)-3-methylthiophene
• 化学式: C₁₀H₆Br₄S₂
• 分子量: 509.906
• InChiKey: JSNWDNYNMATYEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  7.1
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.2
• 拓扑面积：
  56.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bithiophene 在 盐酸 、 溶剂黄146 、 锌 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 3.0h， 以88%的产率得到3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bithiophene
  参考文献：
  名称：

  胆甾醇液晶中通过不对称电化学聚合制备的杂芳族共轭聚合物薄膜的光学活性：手性诱导的结构功能

  摘要：

  我们在左旋螺旋胆甾型液晶（CLC）介质中电化学聚合了各种非手性杂芳族单体。圆二色性（CD）光谱显示，大多数所得共轭聚合物薄膜在其吸收最大值附近均表现出第一负棉花效应和第二正棉花效应。这表明共轭主链的左旋螺旋聚集，这与CLC的左旋螺旋顺序一致。该结果表明，在电沉积期间，左旋螺旋CLC环境引起聚合物的左旋螺旋聚集。然而，聚合物的CD强度取决于母体单体的结构。

  DOI：

  10.1021/ma400302j
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-甲基噻吩 在 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS) 、 溶剂黄146 、 lithium diisopropyl amide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 正己烷 、 氯仿 为溶剂， 反应 14.17h， 生成 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bithiophene
  参考文献：
  名称：

  胆甾醇液晶中通过不对称电化学聚合制备的杂芳族共轭聚合物薄膜的光学活性：手性诱导的结构功能

  摘要：

  我们在左旋螺旋胆甾型液晶（CLC）介质中电化学聚合了各种非手性杂芳族单体。圆二色性（CD）光谱显示，大多数所得共轭聚合物薄膜在其吸收最大值附近均表现出第一负棉花效应和第二正棉花效应。这表明共轭主链的左旋螺旋聚集，这与CLC的左旋螺旋顺序一致。该结果表明，在电沉积期间，左旋螺旋CLC环境引起聚合物的左旋螺旋聚集。然而，聚合物的CD强度取决于母体单体的结构。

  DOI：

  10.1021/ma400302j

文献信息

• POLYCYCLIC DITHIOPHENES
  申请人：Kirner Hans Jürg

  公开号：US20120097935A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-04-26

  The present invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) wherein R 1 and R 1 ′ independently of each other are H or a substituent, halogen or SiR 6 R 4 R 5 ; R 2 and R 2 ′ may be the same or different and are selected from C 1 -C 25 alkyl, C 3 -C 12 -cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 25 alkenyl, C 2 -C 25 alkynyl, C 4 -C 25 aryl, C 5 -C 25 alkylaryl or C 5 -C 25 aralkyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted, and under conditions as defined in claim 1, R2 and/or R2′ may also be halogen or hydrogen; X is a divalent linking group selected from formula (Ia) and formula (Ib); Y and Y′ independently are selected from formula (Ic), formula (Id), formula (Ie), formula (If), formula (Ig); n and p independently range from 0 to 6; where further symbols are as defined in claim 1, and to corresponding oligomers and (co)polymers. The compounds according to the invention are useful as semiconductors and have excellent solubility in organic solvents and excellent film-forming properties. In addition, high efficiency of energy conversion, excellent field-effect mobility, good on/off current ratios and/or excellent stability can be observed, when the polymers according to the invention are used in organic field effect transistors, organic photovoltaics (solar cells) and photodiodes.

  本发明涉及具有以下结构的新化合物（I）： 其中R1和R1'独立地为H或取代基，卤素或SiR6R4R5；R2和R2'可以相同也可以不同，选择自C1-C25烷基，C3-C12环烷基，C2-C25烯基，C2-C25炔基，C4-C25芳基，C5-C25烷基芳基或C5-C25芳基烷基，每种未取代或取代，并且在如权利要求1中定义的条件下，R2和/或R2'也可以是卤素或氢；X是从式（Ia）和式（Ib）中选择的二价连接基；Y和Y'独立地从式（Ic）、式（Id）、式（Ie）、式（If）、式（Ig）中选择；n和p独立地范围从0到6；其中进一步的符号如权利要求1中所定义的那样，以及相应的寡聚体和（共）聚合物。根据本发明的化合物可用作半导体，在有机溶剂中具有优异的溶解性和优良的成膜性能。此外，当根据本发明的聚合物用于有机场效应晶体管、有机光伏（太阳能电池）和光电二极管时，可以观察到高效的能量转换效率，优异的场效应迁移率，良好的开/关电流比和/或优异的稳定性。
• 10.1021/jacs.4c01312
  作者：Hsu, Chao-Chun、Hsu, Allen Chu-Hsiang、Lin, Chun-Yen、Wong, Ken-Tsung、Bonn, Daniel、Brouwer, Albert M.

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.4c01312

  日期：——

  Obtaining insights into friction at the nanoscopic level and being able to translate these into macroscopic friction behavior in real-world systems is of paramount importance in many contexts, ranging from transportation to high-precision technology and seismology. Since friction is controlled by the local pressure at the contact it is important to be able to detect both the real contact area and the nanoscopic

  在从运输到高精度技术和地震学的许多情况下，深入了解纳米级的摩擦并能够将其转化为现实世界系统中的宏观摩擦行为是至关重要的。由于摩擦是由接触处的局部压力控制的，因此能够同时检测真实接触面积和纳米级局部压力分布非常重要。在本文中，我们提出了一种使用平面化分子探针与荧光显微镜相结合来实现这一目标的方法。这些探针在基态下本质上扭曲，在压力的影响下经历平坦化，导致其紫外-可见光吸收带发生红移和增色偏移。这使我们能够通过激发吸收带长波长区域的发射来绘制荧光机械接触中的局部压力。我们证明了亚微米尺度上荧光强度和（模拟）压力之间的线性关系。这种关系使我们能够通过实验描述多粗糙体接触中的压力分布。这里提出的方法提供了一种连接纳米级模型系统的摩擦研究和表面粗糙度起着至关重要作用的实际情况的新方法。
• Friedmann, 1941, vol. 20, p. 395,406
  作者：Friedmann

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• SUBSTITUTED OLIGO- OR POLYTHIOPHENES
  申请人：Kirner Hans Jurg

  公开号：US20110062426A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-03-17

  A process for the preparation of a substituted 2,2′-dithiophene is described, which process comprises the steps (a), (c) and optional steps (b) and (d): a reaction of a compound of the formula: with a suitable lithium organic compound, preferably Li-alkyl or Li-alkylamide; b) optional exchange of lithium against another metal selected from Mg1 Zn and Cu; c) reaction of the metallated intermediate obtained in step (a) or (b) with a suitable electrophil, which is CO 2 or an aldehyde (addition reaction), or a compound Y′—R17 or Y′—R18-Z (substitution reaction), where R17 and R18 are as defined in claim 1 ; and optionally d) modification of the product obtained in step (c), e.g. by introducing one or more conjugating moieties Y ring closure between suitable monovalent residues R17, exchange or extension of functional groups or substituents such as addition to carbonyl or substitution of carbonyl in R17 or R18. The products, including or corresponding polymers, are excellent conducting materials
• DIKETOPYRROLOPYRROLE POLYMERS FOR USE IN ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
  申请人：Dueggeli Mathias

  公开号：US20120071617A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-03-22

  The present invention relates to polymers comprising one or more (repeating) unit(s) of the formula A polymer, comprising (repeating) unit(s) of the formula (1) and (2), wherein A is a repeating unit of the formula (I), and —COM 1 - is a repeating unit of formula (3), or (4), and their use as organic semiconductor in organic devices, especially in organic photovoltaics (solar cells) and photodiodes, or in a device containing a diode and/or an organic field effect transistor. The polymers according to the invention have excellent solubility in organic solvents and excellent film-forming properties. In addition, high efficiency of energy conversion, excellent field-effect mobility, good on/off current ratios and/or excellent stability can be observed, when the polymers according to the invention are used in organic field effect transistors, organic photovoltaics (solar cells) and photodiodes.