Discovery of Small-Molecule Selective mTORC1 Inhibitors via Direct Inhibition of Glucose Transporters
作者:Seong A. Kang、David J. O'Neill、Andreas W. Machl、Casey J. Lumpkin、Stephanie N. Galda、Shomit Sengupta、Sarah J. Mahoney、Jessica J. Howell、Lisa Molz、Seung Hahm、George P. Vlasuk、Eddine Saiah
DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.05.009
日期:2019.9
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cellular metabolic processes. Dysregulation of this kinase complex can result in a variety of human diseases. Rapamycin and its analogs target mTORC1 directly; however, chronic treatment in certain cell types and in vivo results in the inhibition of both mTORC1 and mTORC2. We have developed a high-throughput cell-based screen for the detection of phosphorylated forms of the mTORC1 (4E-BP1, S6K1) and mTORC2 (Akt) substrates and have identified and characterized a chemical scaffold that demonstrates a profile consistent with the selective inhibition of mTORC1. Stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture-based proteomic target identification revealed that class I glucose transporters were the primary target for these compounds yielding potent inhibition of glucose uptake and, as a result, selective inhibition of mTORC1. The link between the glucose uptake and selective mTORC1 inhibition are discussed in the context of a yet-to-be discovered glucose sensor.
The Development of Efficient Protocols for the Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions of Secondary Amides and Carbamates
作者:Bryant H. Yang、Stephen L. Buchwald
DOI:10.1021/ol9905351
日期:1999.7.1
[formula: see text] With the proper choice of palladium catalyst, ligand, and base, five-, six-, and seven-membered rings are formed efficiently from secondary amide or secondary carbamate precursors, offering significant improvements to currently existing methodology.