Fluorescence immunoassays using fluorescent dyes free of aggregation and
申请人:Hyperion, Inc.
公开号:US06060598A1
公开(公告)日:2000-05-09
Fluorescence immunoassays methods are provided which use fluorescent dyes which are free of aggregation and serum binding. Such immunoassay methods are thus, particularly useful for the assay of biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, whole blood and urine.
Structure-Activity Relationships of 1,3-Dialkylxanthine Derivatives at Rat A3 Adenosine Receptors
作者:Hea Ok Kim、Xiao-duo Ji、Neli Melman、Mark E. Olah、Gary L. Stiles、Kenneth A. Jacobson
DOI:10.1021/jm00046a022
日期:1994.9
respectively. A synthetic strategy for introducing multiple carboxylate groups at the 8-position using iminodiacetic acid derivatives was explored. The presence of a sulfonate, a carboxylate, or multiple carboxylate groups did not result in a significant enhancement of affinity at rat A3 receptors, although as previously observed an anionic group tended to diminish potency at A1 and A2a receptors. The rat
Aminoalkylmaleimides and hapten and antigen derivatives derived
申请人:Boehringer Mannheim GmbH
公开号:US05595741A1
公开(公告)日:1997-01-21
The invention concerns new aminoalkylmaleimides of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group and A represents a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms which is interrupted, if desired, by an oxygen or sulphur atom or a carbonyl group, as well as their corresponding acid addition salts. The present invention also concerns amidoalkylmaleimide derivatives formed from compounds of the general formula I and immunological binding partners. In addition, the invention concerns immunological conjugates which can be produced by reaction of the amidoalkylmaleimide derivatives with peptides or proteins. The subject matter of the present invention are also the corresponding processes of production of the compounds according to the present invention as well as the use of these conjugates in diagnostic methods of determination, in particular in immunoassays.
Acridinium ester labels having hydrophilic modifiers
申请人:——
公开号:US20030045716A1
公开(公告)日:2003-03-06
The present invention is generally directed to detectable chemiluminescent acridinium ester labels having hydrophilic modifiers; to compositions, complexes and/or conjugates which include such labels; and to processes for performing bioanalytical assays for target analytes which use such labels. Assays for folate, theophylline, and tobramycin (using such labels with hydrophilic modifiers such as nonionic polyethylene glycol and polyionic spermine disulfonate and polyionic spermine dicarboxylate) are described in detail.
Effect of surfactants on the chemiluminescence of acridinium dimethylphenyl ester labels and their conjugates
作者:Anand Natrajan、David Sharpe、David Wen
DOI:10.1039/c1ob05543g
日期:——
Chemiluminescent acridinium dimethylphenyl esters, containing two methyl groups flanking the phenolic ester bond, display excellent chemiluminescence stability and are used as labels in automated immunoassays for clinical diagnostics. Light emission from these labels is triggered with alkaline peroxide in the presence of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. Under these conditions, light emission is rapid and is complete in <5 s. In the present study we examined the effect of various surfactants on light emission from acridinium dimethylphenyl ester labels and their conjugates containing hydrophilic linkers derived either from hexa(ethylene)glycol or a sulfobetaine zwitterion. Sulfobetaine zwitterions are very polar and incorporation of these functional groups in acridinium dimethyphenyl esters and their conjugates represents a new approach to improving the aqueous solubility of these chemiluminescent labels. Our results indicate that in general, surfactants affect light emission from these labels and their conjugates by two discrete mechanisms. Cationic surfactants, but not anionic or non-ionic surfactants, accelerate overall light emission kinetics and a more modest effect is observed with zwitterionic surfactants. Surfactants also enhance total light output and the magnitude of this enhancement is maximal for cationic surfactants and a sulfobetaine zwitterionic surfactant. These observations are the first to clearly delineate the role of the surfactant on the chemiluminescence reaction pathway of acridinium esters and can be rationalized based on known effects of surfactant aggregates on bimolecular and unimolecular reactions.