p-chloro-α-methylstyrene oxide | 236408-50-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: p-chloro-α-methylstyrene oxide
• 英文别名: 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyloxirane；2-(4-chlorphenyl)-2-methyloxirane；(2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyloxirane；(S)-p-chloro-α-methylstyrene oxide；(S)-1-(para-chlorophenyl)-1-methyloxirane
• CAS: 236408-50-7
• 化学式: C₉H₉ClO
• 分子量: 168.623
• InChiKey: NAEOVJSSTOAABI-SECBINFHSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.2
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  12.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  p-chloro-α-methylstyrene oxide 在 epoxide hydrolase Kau₂ 、 2-巯基乙醇 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 生成 (S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)propane-1,2-diol 、 (R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)propane-1,2-diol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Access to enantiopure aromatic epoxides and diols using epoxide hydrolases derived from total biofilter DNA

  摘要：

  Metagenomic DNA is a rich source of genes encoding novel epoxide hydrolases (EHs). We retrieved two genes encoding functional EHs from total DNA isolated from biofilter-derived biomass, using PCR with EH-specific degenerate primers followed by genome-walking PCR. The degenerate primers were based on two EH-specific consensus sequences: HGWP and GHDWG. The resulting recombinant EHs, Kau2 and Kau8, were expressed in Escherichia colt, and their enantioselectivity and regioselectivity were determined using 13 different epoxide substrates. The EH Kau2 had broad substrate specificity and preferentially hydrolyzed epoxides with S-configuration. It showed high enantioselectivity towards aromatic epoxides such as styrene oxide, p-nitrostyrene oxide, and trans-1-phenyl-1,2-epoxypropane. In addition, Kau2 showed enantioconvergent hydrolysis activity. The EH Kau8 also showed broad substrate specificity and preferentially hydrolyzed epoxides with R-configuration. High enantioselectivity was observed for p-nitrostyrene oxide, and the hydrolysis activity of Kau8 was less enantioconvergent than that of Kau2. To determine the usefulness of Kau2 for synthetic applications, preparative-scale biohydrolysis reactions were performed. Specifically, two kinetic resolutions were carried out with 80 g/L of racemic trans-1-phenyl-1,2-epoxypropane, affording both (1R,2R)-epoxide and the corresponding (1R,2S)-diol in high enantiomeric excess (>99%) and good yield (>45%). In addition, a process based on enantioconvergent hydrolysis by the EH Kau2 was established for racemic cis-1-phenyl-1,2-epoxypropane at a concentration of 13 g/L, resulting in the formation of the corresponding (1R,2R)-diol with a 97%yield and an enantiomeric excess exceeding 98%. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.01.016
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  对氯苯乙酮 、 dimethylsulfoxonium methylide 在 (S)-La-Li₃-(binaphthoxide)3 、 tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 12.08h， 生成 p-chloro-α-methylstyrene oxide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  单锅顺序加成的硫磺内酯催化不对称催化从酮中合成2,2-二取代的氧杂环丁烷

  摘要：

  第二次更好：标题化合物是通过异双金属La / Li络合物催化的一锅法双亚甲基转移合成的。第二步中的手性扩增是获得高对映体过量的氧杂环丁烷的关键（参见方案）。

  DOI：

  10.1002/anie.200805473

文献信息

• Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 2,2-Disubstituted Terminal Epoxides via Dimethyloxosulfonium Methylide Addition to Ketones
  作者：Toshihiko Sone、Akitake Yamaguchi、Shigeki Matsunaga、Masakatsu Shibasaki

  DOI：10.1021/ja803864p

  日期：2008.8.1

  Catalytic asymmetric Corey-Chaykovsky epoxidation of ketones with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide 2 using an LLB 1a + Ar3P O complex proceeded smoothly at room temperature, and 2,2-disubstituted terminal epoxides were obtained in high enantioselectivity (91-97%) and yield (>88-99%) from a broad range of methyl ketones with 1-5 mol % catalyst loading. The use of achiral additive Ar3P O 5i was important

  使用 LLB 1a + Ar3PO 络合物对酮与二甲基氧锍 2 的催化不对称 Corey-Chaykovsky 环氧化反应在室温下顺利进行，并以高对映选择性 (91-97%) 和产率 (>88) 获得了 2,2-二取代末端环氧化物-99%) 来自各种甲基酮，催化剂负载量为 1-5 mol%。非手性添加剂 Ar3PO 5i 的使用对于实现高对映选择性很重要。
• Microbiological Transformations 43. Epoxide Hydrolases as Tools for the Synthesis of Enantiopure α-Methylstyrene Oxides:  A New and Efficient Synthesis of (<i>S</i>)-Ibuprofen
  作者：M. Cleij、A. Archelas、R. Furstoss

  DOI：10.1021/jo982101+

  日期：1999.7.1

  the enantioselectivity of these biohydrolyses strongly depends on the nature of the enzyme and of the substituent. Using some of these enzymes, this approach allows to prepare these epoxides in high optical purity. The potentiality to perform efficient preparative-scale resolution using such a biocatalyst was illustrated by the four-step synthesis of (S)-ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug

  使用来自不同来源的 10 种环氧化物水解酶研究了在芳环上不同取代的各种 α-甲基苯乙烯氧化物衍生物的生物水解。我们的结果表明，这些生物水解的对映选择性在很大程度上取决于酶和取代基的性质。使用这些酶中的一些，该方法允许以高光学纯度制备这些环氧化物。(S)-布洛芬是一种非甾体抗炎药和家用止痛药，是全球销量前十的药物之一，其四步合成说明了使用这种生物催化剂进行高效制备级拆分的潜力。使用组合化学酶促策略，
• Accessible sugars as asymmetric olefin epoxidation organocatalysts: glucosaminide ketones in the synthesis of terminal epoxides
  作者：Omar Boutureira、Joanna F. McGouran、Robert L. Stafford、Daniel P. G. Emmerson、Benjamin G. Davis

  DOI：10.1039/b911675c

  日期：——

  A systematically varied series of conformationally restricted ketones, readily prepared from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, were tested against representative olefins as asymmetric epoxidation catalysts showing useful selectivities against terminal olefins and, in particular, typically difficult 2,2-disubstituted terminal olefins.

  一系列系统变化的构象限制酮，很容易从 N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖对作为不对称环氧化催化剂的代表性烯烃进行了测试，显示出对末端烯烃的有用选择性，特别是典型的难处理的 2,2-二取代末端烯烃。
• Synergistic Interplay of a Non-Heme Iron Catalyst and Amino Acid Coligands in H₂O₂Activation for Asymmetric Epoxidation of α-Alkyl-Substituted Styrenes
  作者：Olaf Cussó、Xavi Ribas、Julio Lloret-Fillol、Miquel Costas

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201410557

  日期：2015.2.23

  Highly enantioselective epoxidation of α‐substituted styrenes with aqueous H2O2 is described by using a chiral iron complex as the catalyst and N‐protected amino acids (AAs) as coligands. The amino acids synergistically cooperate with the iron center in promoting an efficient activation of H2O2 to catalyze epoxidation of this challenging class of substrates with good yields and stereoselectivities

  通过使用手性铁络合物作为催化剂，使用N-保护的氨基酸（AAs）作为大分子配体，描述了使用水为H 2 O 2的α-取代的苯乙烯的高度对映选择性环氧化。氨基酸与铁中心协同作用，以促进H 2 O 2的有效活化，从而在较短的反应时间内以良好的收率和立体选择性（高达97％ee）催化这种具有挑战性的底物的环氧化 。
• Highly enantioselective epoxidation of olefins by H₂O₂ catalyzed by a non-heme Fe(<scp>ii</scp>) catalyst of a chiral tetradentate ligand
  作者：Mainak Mitra、Olaf Cusso、Satish S. Bhat、Mingzhe Sun、Marco Cianfanelli、Miquel Costas、Ebbe Nordlander

  DOI：10.1039/c8dt04449j

  日期：——

  ability of the iron complex to catalyze asymmetric epoxidation reactions of olefins with H2O2 was investigated, using 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, cis-β-methylstyrene, isophorone, chalcones and tetralones as substrates. Different carboxylic acids were used as additives to enhance yields and enantioselectivities, and 2-ethylhexanoic acid was found to give the best results. The catalysis results

  手性四齿N4-供体配体1-甲基-2-（（S）-2-[（S）-1-（1-甲基苯并咪唑-2-基甲基）吡咯烷-2-基]吡咯烷-1-基}基于手性二吡咯烷骨架的}甲基）苯并咪唑（S，S - PDBz L）已合成，并已制备并表征了其相应的Fe（II）配合物。配合物的X射线结构表明，Fe（II）离子处于扭曲的八面体配位环境中，两个顺式取向配位点被（不稳定的）三氟甲磺酸根阴离子占据。铁络合物催化烯烃与H 2 O 2的不对称环氧化反应的能力以2-环己烯-1-酮，2-环戊烯-1-酮，顺式-β-甲基苯乙烯，异佛尔酮，查耳酮和四氢萘酮为底物进行了研究。使用不同的羧酸作为添加剂来提高收率和对映选择性，发现2-乙基己酸的效果最佳。催化结果表明，Fe（II）配合物能够在环氧化反应中实现相对较高的对映选择性（> 80％）。