AbstractWe report the aerobic photoactivation of N‐hydroxyphthlimide (NHPI) to the phthalimido‐N‐oxyl (PINO) radical mediated by naphthalene monoimides (NI) for promoting the selective oxidation of alkylaromatics and allylic compounds to the corresponding hydroperoxides. In the absence of either NI or NHPI no oxidation was observed, meaning that the two molecules operate in a synergistic way. Sunlight as well as artificial UV‐light irradiation was necessary in order to perform the process at low temperature (30–35 °C). EPR spectroscopy confirmed the role of NI and oxygen in promoting the formation of the superoxide radicals O2.− which, in turn, increased the concentration of PINO radicals during the UV light irradiation of NI/NHPI mixtures in MeCN. The investigation was extended to NI bearing different substituents on the naphthalene moiety. Finally, the synthesis and application of a unique photocatalyst including the NI and NHPI moieties linked by a suitable spacer was also considered. In this case the photocatalyst showed a substrate‐dependent behaviour with some peculiarities in comparison to the system where NI and NHPI are independent units in the same reacting system. This photocatalytic system paves the way to a non‐thermal, metal‐free approach for CH bond activation towards aerobic oxidation under very mild conditions.magnified image
Organic Dye-Photocatalyzed Acylnitroso Ene Reaction
作者:Yew Chin Teo、Yuanhang Pan、Choon Hong Tan
DOI:10.1002/cctc.201200435
日期:2013.1
operationally simple and uses air as the terminal oxidant. Reactions of acylnitroso with a range of functionalized alkenes give intermolecular acylnitroso ene products in moderate to good yields. This is an environmentally friendly allylicamination methodology that avoids the use of metal catalysts and stoichiometric amount of oxidants. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed on the basis of singlet oxygen
An entirely solvent-free photooxygenation of olefins under continuous flow conditions
作者:Patrick Bayer、Axel Jacobi von Wangelin
DOI:10.1039/d0gc00436g
日期:——
The choice of solvents is key to the success of this oxyfunctionalization with direct impact on the solubility of substrates, the lifetime of the reactive oxygen species, and the up-scaling of the process. We report an entirely solvent-free continuous-flow photooxygenation that operates at very high substrate/sensitizer ratios and enables high space–time yields.
the zeolites and reacted with alkenes. For all the substrates studied, the ene-type allylic hydroperoxides were obtained in a highly regioselective manner. The regiochemistry for 1−4 in favor of the allylic hydrogen abstraction from the largest substituents is in contrast to their photooxidation within the dye-supported zeolite Na−Y, where the secondary hydroperoxides are preferentially produced. The
Glycol-modified molybdate catalysts for efficient singlet oxygen generation from hydrogen peroxide
作者:Joos Wahlen、Dirk De Vos、Walther Jary、Paul Alsters、Pierre Jacobs
DOI:10.1039/b704238h
日期:——
Pretreatment of molybdate-exchanged layered double hydroxides in polyalcohols such as ethylene glycol affords heterogeneous catalysts showing largely improved oxidant efficiency compared to the unmodified materials.
Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymer Sphere-Supported <i>s</i><i>eco</i>-Porphyrazines: Efficient and Recyclable Photooxygenation Catalysts
作者:Matthew J. Fuchter、Brian M. Hoffman、Anthony G. M. Barrett
DOI:10.1021/jo052156t
日期:2006.1.1
subsequently converted into its zinc seco-derivative. Polymerization gave the corresponding ROMPgel and ROMPsphere (ROMP = ring-opening metathesis polymer) reagents, the latter of which proved efficient as an immobilized catalyst for the sensitized production of singlet oxygen for the purification-minimized parallelsynthesis of endoperoxides and ene adducts.