Scope and Mechanism of Iridium Porphyrin-Catalyzed S–H Insertion Reactions between Thiols and Diazo Esters
作者:Taiwo O. Dairo、L. Keith Woo
DOI:10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00947
日期:2017.2.27
The insertion of carbenes derived from ethyl diazoacetate (EDA), methyl diazoacetate (MDA), methyl phenyldiazoacetate (MPDA), and methyl (p-tolyl)diazoacetate (MTDA) into the S-H bonds of aromatic and aliphatic thiols was catalyzed by (5,10,15,20-tetratolylporphyrinato)methyliridium (III), Ir(TTP)CH3, at ambient temperatures. Yields of the resulting thioether products were as high as 97% for aromatic thiols, with catalyst loadings as low as 0.07 mol %. Thiol binding to Ir(TTP)CH3 was measured at 23 degrees C by titration studies,, providing equilibrium constants, K-b, ranging from 4.25 X 10(2) to 1.69 X 105 and increasing in the order p-nitrobenzenethiol < p-chlorobenzenethiol < benzenethiol < p-methylbenzenethiol < p-methoxybenzenethiol < benzyl mercaptan. Hammett plots were generated from the relative rates of S-H insertion, using different para-substituted benzenethiols in substrate competition experiments. In the presence of MIA and MTDA, the Hammett plots had slopes of -0.12 +/- 0.01 and -0.78 +/- 0.11, respectively. The Hammett data and kinetic studies are consistent with a mechanism that involves a rate-limiting nudeophilic attack of thiols on an iridium-carbene species, where the major species present in the reaction solution is an inactive, hexacoordinate Ir-thiol complex.