1-甲基-2-(2-苯基乙炔基)吡咯 | 144912-17-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 中文名称: 1-甲基-2-(2-苯基乙炔基)吡咯
• 英文名称: 1-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)-1H-pyrrole
• 英文别名: 1-methyl-2-(2-phenylethynyl)pyrrole
• CAS: 144912-17-4
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₁N
• 分子量: 181.237
• InChiKey: AGORTRMAJCMXSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  317.6±15.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  0.93±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.7
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.08
• 拓扑面积：
  4.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1-(2-溴乙炔基)-4-甲基苯 、 1-甲基-2-(2-苯基乙炔基)吡咯 在 di-tert-butyl(methyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate salt 、 sodium acetate 、 palladium diacetate 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 10.0h， 以61%的产率得到1-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)-5-(p-tolylethynyl)-1H-pyrrole
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Alkynylation of Pyrroles and Azoles under Mild Conditions: Application to the Synthesis of a Dopamine D-4 Receptor Agonist

  摘要：

  A mild and general method for the direct alkynylation of azoles such as pyrrole, indole, and 7-azaindole is described here. Using a simple catalytic system such as Pd(OAc)(2) (2.5 mol %), P(tBu)(2)Me center dot HBF4 (5 mol %), and NaOAc (2 equiv) allowed the regioselective introduction of various alkynyl residues at the C-2 position of pyrroles. Interestingly, C-2 alkynylation was also observed on C-3-substituted indoles, whereas classical C-3 alkynylation was obtained on selected unsubstituted indoles and 7-azaindole. Our methodology has been illustrated by the efficient synthesis of a potential schizophrenia drug (dopamine D-4 inhibitor).

  DOI：

  10.1021/acs.joc.5b01093
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  苯乙炔 在 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS) 、 di-tert-butyl(methyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate salt 、 sodium acetate 、 palladium diacetate 、 silver nitrate 作用下， 以 丙酮 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 13.0h， 生成 1-甲基-2-(2-苯基乙炔基)吡咯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Alkynylation of Pyrroles and Azoles under Mild Conditions: Application to the Synthesis of a Dopamine D-4 Receptor Agonist

  摘要：

  A mild and general method for the direct alkynylation of azoles such as pyrrole, indole, and 7-azaindole is described here. Using a simple catalytic system such as Pd(OAc)(2) (2.5 mol %), P(tBu)(2)Me center dot HBF4 (5 mol %), and NaOAc (2 equiv) allowed the regioselective introduction of various alkynyl residues at the C-2 position of pyrroles. Interestingly, C-2 alkynylation was also observed on C-3-substituted indoles, whereas classical C-3 alkynylation was obtained on selected unsubstituted indoles and 7-azaindole. Our methodology has been illustrated by the efficient synthesis of a potential schizophrenia drug (dopamine D-4 inhibitor).

  DOI：

  10.1021/acs.joc.5b01093

文献信息

• Arylsulfonylacetylenes as Alkynylating Reagents of C sp 2H Bonds Activated with Lithium Bases
  作者：José Luis García Ruano、José Alemán、Leyre Marzo、Cuauhtémoc Alvarado、Mariola Tortosa、Sergio Díaz-Tendero、Alberto Fraile

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201107821

  日期：2012.3.12

  strategy for the synthesis of a wide variety of alkynyl derivatives by the reaction of substituted arylsulfonylacetylenes with organolithium species is described (see scheme). The high yields, the simplicity of the experimental procedure, the broad scope of this reaction, and the formation of CspC bonds without using transition metals are the main features of this methodology.

  变色龙：描述了通过取代的芳基磺酰基乙炔与有机锂物质反应合成多种炔基衍生物的新策略（参见方案）。高产量，的实验程序的简单性，该反应的宽范围，和C的形成SP  Ç键不使用的过渡金属是这种方法的主要特征。
• Expanding the Scope of Arylsulfonylacetylenes as Alkynylating Reagents and Mechanistic Insights in the Formation of Csp²Csp and Csp³Csp Bonds from Organolithiums
  作者：José Luis García Ruano、José Alemán、Leyre Marzo、Cuauhtémoc Alvarado、Mariola Tortosa、Sergio Díaz‐Tendero、Alberto Fraile

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201200939

  日期：2012.7.2

  We describe the unexpected behavior of the arylsulfonylacetylenes, which suffer an “anti‐Michael” addition of organolithiums producing their alkynylation under very mild conditions. The broad scope, excellent yields, and simplicity of the experimental procedure are the main features of this methodology. A rational explanation of all these results can be achieved by theoretical calculations, which suggest

  我们描述了芳基磺酰基乙炔的出乎意料的行为，芳基磺酰基乙炔在非常温和的条件下会遭受“反迈克尔”加成的有机锂的作用，从而产生炔基化反应。这种方法的主要特点是范围广，产率高，实验步骤简单。所有这些结果的合理解释可以通过理论计算来实现，这表明有机锂与亲电试剂的缔合是其分子内攻击的前一步，并且是观察到的对取代的磺酰基乙炔的意外“反迈克尔”反应的原因。
• Synthesis and Substituent Interactions of Tricarbonylchromium‐complexed Arylalkynylbenzenes — Novel Organometallic Push‐pull Chromophores
  作者：Thomas J. J. Müller、Markus Ansorge、Hans Jörg Lindner

  DOI：10.1002/cber.19961291206

  日期：1996.12

  The tricarbonylchromium complexes chlorobenzene 1 reacts with terminal alkynes 2 through a palladium-copper-catalyzed coupling to give a variety of Cr(CO)3-complexed phenylethynyl arenes, heteroarenes and ferrocene 3 in good to excellent yield. Due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the Cr(CO)3 group these novel complexes can be regarded as organometallic push-pull chromophores. Analogously, the

  三羰基铬配合物氯苯1通过钯-铜催化的偶联反应与末端炔烃2反应，以良好的收率获得了多种Cr（CO）3络合的苯乙炔基芳烃，杂芳烃和二茂铁3。由于Cr（CO）3基团的吸电子性质，这些新颖的络合物可被视为有机金属推挽生色团。类似地，通过偶联碘代苯和2合成相应的游离配体4（苯乙炔基芳烃，杂芳烃和二茂铁）。单一Cr（CO）3络合戊基3e的晶体结构分析结果表明，这两个苯环的共平面度均偏离50.9（2）°，这可能是由于晶体堆积所致。相关性选择的取代基的参数之间建立（σ P，σ我，σ [R，σ P +和Δ π），在羰基碳共振13 C-NMR谱的复合物3。总体的电子取代基效应通过介观机理和诱导机理传递给羰基。推挽复合物3显示出最长的波长吸收带（MLCT带）相对较小的负溶剂变色性。
• A straightforward alkynylation of Li and Mg metalated heterocycles with sulfonylacetylenes
  作者：Leyre Marzo、Ignacio Pérez、Francisco Yuste、José Alemán、José Luis García Ruano

  DOI：10.1039/c4cc07574a

  日期：——

  Coupling of alkynyl moieties to heterocyclic rings, without using transition metals, can be easily performed by the reaction of aryl or heteroaryl sulfonylacetylenes with heteroaryl-Li compounds or their corresponding less reactive magnesium derivatives.

  将炔基团与杂环环上偶联，而无需使用过渡金属，可以通过芳基或杂环磺酰乙炔与杂环锂化合物或其对应的反应性较低的镁衍生物反应来轻松实现。
• Regiochemistry in Cobalt-Mediated Intermolecular Pauson–Khand Reactions of Unsymmetrical Internal Heteroaromatic Alkynes with Norbornene
  作者：Benjamin E. Moulton、Adrian C. Whitwood、Anne K. Duhme-Klair、Jason M. Lynam、Ian J. S. Fairlamb

  DOI：10.1021/jo200664m

  日期：2011.7.1

  comparable (2-phenylethynyl)heteroaromatic compounds with norbornene, mediated by Co2(CO)8 to give cyclopentenone products, were examined in this study. A synthetic protocol utilizing focused-microwave dielectric heating proved indispensable in the efficient synthesis of the PK cyclopentenone products. “π-Deficient” heteroaromatic substrates, e.g., 2-pyrones, and some “π-excessive” heteroaromatics such as

  Co 2（CO）8介导的空间可比的（2-苯基乙炔基）杂芳族化合物与降冰片烯的分子间Pauson-Khand（PK）反应得到环戊烯酮产品，在这项研究中进行了检查。事实证明，利用聚焦微波介电加热的合成协议是有效合成PK环戊烯酮产品必不可少的。“π缺陷”杂芳族底物（例如2-吡喃酮）和一些“π过量”杂芳族化合物（例如2-和3-噻吩和2-呋喃）有利于新形成的环戊烯酮环中的β位置。其他π过量的杂芳族化合物（例如2-吡咯或2-吲哚）偏向α位。π-过量的3-吲哚衍生物给出了几乎相等的区域异构体混合物。氮在含吡啶基炔烃底物中的位置也影响PK反应的区域化学结果。拥有近端氮原子的2-吡啶基炔烃相对于4-吡啶基变异体会极大地影响区域选择性，有利于新形成的环戊烯酮环中的β位置。2-嘧啶炔基表现出与2-吡啶炔基相似的行为。不参与与降冰片烯进行PK反应的化合物包括（2-苯基乙炔基）咪唑和相关的苯并咪唑类，它们可促进原位生成的快速分解（μ2-炔）Co