4,5-Dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzohydrazides and 1-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ethan-1-ones as Potential Antioxidant/Cholinergic Endowed Small Molecule Leads
作者:Rukhsar Banu、Jason Gerding、Cynthia Franklin、Donald Sikazwe、William Horton、Marianna Török、Julian Davis、Kwan Cheng、Muziya Nakazwe、Bereket Mochona
DOI:10.3390/scipharm86010002
日期:——
The objective of this research is to generate leads for developing our ultimate poly-active molecules with utility in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Indeed, poly-active molecules capable of mitigating brain free radical damage while enhancing acetylcholine signaling (via cholinesterase inhibition) are still being sought for combating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We differentiate “poly-active” agents from “multi-target” ones by defining them as single molecular entities designed to target only specific contributory synergistic pharmacologies in a disease. For instance, in AD, free radicals either initiate or act in synergy with other pharmacologies, leading to disease worsening. For this preliminary report, a total of 14 (i.e., 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzohydrazide plus 1-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ethan-1-one) derivatives were synthesized and screened, in silico and in vitro, for their ability to scavenge free radicals and inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. Overall, six derivatives (4a, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 9b) exhibited potent (>30%) antioxidant properties in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The antioxidant values were either comparable or more potent than the comparator molecules (ascorbic acid, resveratrol, and trolox). Only three compounds (4d, 9a, 9c) yielded modest AChE/BuChE inhibitions (>10%). Please note that a SciFinder substance data base search confirmed that most of the compounds reported herein are new, except 9a and 9c which are also commercially available.
本研究的目的是为开发我们最终的具有中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病应用潜力的多活性分子产生线索。事实上,目前仍在寻找能够减轻大脑自由基损伤同时增强乙酰胆碱信号传导(通过抑制胆碱酯酶)的多活性分子来对抗阿尔茨海默病(AD)。我们将“多活性”剂与“多靶点”剂区分开来,将前者定义为单个分子实体,其设计目的是仅针对疾病中特定的协同促进药理作用。例如,在AD中,自由基要么触发,要么与其他药理作用协同作用,导致疾病恶化。在本次初步报告中,共合成了14个(即4,5-二甲氧基-2-硝基苯肼加1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙-1-酮)衍生物,并对其进行了计算机模拟和体外筛选,评估其清除自由基和抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)/丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuChE)的能力。总体而言,六个衍生物(4a、4d、4e、4f、4g、9b)在氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC)实验中表现出强大的(>30%)抗氧化特性。抗氧化值与对照分子(抗坏血酸、白藜芦醇和托洛克斯)相当或更强。只有三个化合物(4d、9a、9c)表现出适度的AChE/BuChE抑制作用(>10%)。请注意,SciFinder物质数据库搜索确认,除商业上可获得的9a和9c外,本文报道的大多数化合物都是新的。