C(sp3)O Bond-Forming Reductive Elimination of Ethers from Bisphosphine-Ligated Benzylpalladium(II) Aryloxide Complexes
作者:Seth L. Marquard、John F. Hartwig
DOI:10.1002/anie.201101088
日期:2011.7.25
On the contrary: Isolated benzylpalladiumaryloxidecomplexes undergo C(sp3)O bond‐forming reductiveelimination by a stepwise ionic mechanism (see scheme) distinct from the accepted concerted pathway for reductiveelimination of aromatic ethersfrom arylpalladium(II) species. The mechanism is proposed to result from dissociation of the aryloxide ligand followed by nucleophilic attack on the benzylic
Sulfone-ester polymers containing pendent ethynyl groups
申请人:The United States of America as represented by the National Aeronautics
公开号:US04587312A1
公开(公告)日:1986-05-06
Sulfone-ester polymers containing pendent ethynyl groups and a direct and multi-step process for preparing same are disclosed. The multi-step process involves the conversion of a pendent bromo group to the ethynyl group while the direct route involves reacting hydroxy-terminated sulfone oligomer or polymers with a stoichiometric amount of 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride. The 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride and process for preparing same are also disclosed.
申请人:The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the
公开号:US04622182A1
公开(公告)日:1986-11-11
Sulfone-ester polymers containing pendent ethynyl groups and a direct and multi-step process for preparing same are disclosed. The multi-step process involves the conversion of a pendent bromo group to the ethynyl group while the direct route involves reacting hydroxy-terminated sulfone oligomer or polymers with a stoichiometric amount of 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride. The 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride and process for preparing same are also disclosed.
The improved process for preparing para-hydroxybenzoic acid comprises reacting potassium phenol with carbon dioxide in an inert reaction medium or without using a reaction medium in the presence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following general formula I or II: ##STR1## at a reaction temperature of 230.degree.-450.degree. C. and at a carbon dioxide pressure ranging from atmospheric pressure to 6 kg/cm.sup.2 (G). The process may comprise two stages and the first-stage reaction described above is followed by the second stage in which the reaction is further continued with the pressure of carbon dioxide in the system being reduced and/or the reaction temperature being elevated within the range specified above. Also, phenol may be used as the starting material instead of potassium phenolate.
Metal aryloxides such as potassium phenoxide are carboxylated by reacting them in fluidized particulate form with carbon dioxide under vacuum at a temperature between ambient and 550°F (288°C).