A new synthesis of α-oxoketene O,N-acetals has been developed from β-oxothioxo esters. Thus, the reaction of 2a-c with alkyl, allyl or cyclic primary amines in refluxing toluene and formic acid led to α-oxoketene O,N-acetals 3a-i in good yields.
3-Ethoxyisoxazoles and 3-ethoxy-1H-pyrazoles were obtained in high yields from β-oxo thionoesters. The reaction of the ethyl β-oxo thionoesters with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature for 2 h gave the ethyl 3-oxopropiohydroximates and their hemiacetals, which were easily converted to the 3-ethoxyisoxazoles by refluxing for 3 h at pH 3—5. On the other hand, the reaction of the ethyl β-oxo thionoesters with hydrazine derivatives in the presence of triethylamine for 3—8 h at room temperature directly yielded the 3-ethoxy-1H-pyrazoles.
Synthesis of α-Oxoketene<i>O</i>-Alkyl/Aryl,<i>S</i>-Alkyl Acetals
作者:Makhan L. Purkayastha、Malapaka Chandrasekharam、Jai N. Vishwakarma、Hiriyakkanavar Ila、Hiriyakkanavar Junjappa
DOI:10.1055/s-1993-25841
日期:——
The synthesis of acylketene O,S-dialkyl acetals 2a-p and acylketene O-aryl S-alkyl acetals 6a-i is described. The compounds 2a-n are obtained by base-catalyzed alkylation of the respective β-oxo thiono esters 4a-n prepared by alkoxythiocarbonylation of active methylene ketones in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide. The corresponding O-dodecanyl 2o, O-benzyl 2p and O-aryl, S-methyl 6a-i acetals are synthesized via base-catalyzed displacement of the sulfonium salts 5a-b with the corresponding alkanol or phenol.
Non-toxic corrosion-protection pigments based on manganese
申请人:——
公开号:US20040011252A1
公开(公告)日:2004-01-22
Corrosion-inhibiting pigments based on manganese are described that contain a trivalent or tetravalent manganese/valence stabilizer complex. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the trivalent or tetravalent manganese ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble, exhibits low solubility, or is insoluble in water, depending upon the intended usage. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of trivalent or tetravalent manganese during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Manganese/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of manganese coordination chemistry. Many manganese-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium or tetravalent lead systems. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
Non-toxic corrosion-protection pigments based on rare earth elements
申请人:——
公开号:US20040104377A1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-03
A corrosion-inhibiting pigment comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer combinded to form a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, terbium, praseodymium, or a combination thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the tetravalent rare earth ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble in water. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of tetravalent cerium, terbium, or praseodymium during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Many rare earth-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems.