Solvolysis-decomposition ofN-1-adamantyl-N-p-tolylcarbamoyl chloride in hydroxylic solvents
摘要:
In hydroxylic solvents, N-1-adamantyl-N-p-tolylcarbamoyl chloride undergoes a facile rate-determing ionization with very little assistance from nucleophilic solvation (very low sensitivity to changes in solvent nucleophillcity). In the relatively nucleophilic aqueous ethanol or aqueous acetone, the cation formed reacts directly with the solvent. In fluoroalcohols, the low nucleophilicity of the solvent allows an effective competition from a pathway involving disproportionation to the 1-adamantyl cation and p-tolyl isocyanate, followed by reaction of the new cation either with solvent or with the chloride ion formed in the initial ionization, Grunwald-Winstein plots against Y-Cl values show for different binary solvent systems a marked dispersion, which can be considerably reduced by incorporation into the analyses of a term governed by the aromatic ring parameter. (I). (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
O-Sulfinylation of alcohols with methanesulfonyl cyanide or p-toluenesulfonyl cyanide.
摘要:
Reaction of p-toluenesulfonyl cyanide or methanesulfonyl cyanide with alcohols in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) gives sulfinates in good yield. A mechanistic scheme involving sulfinyl cyanates 9 and 21 is suggested.
Tosylation of some alcohols and phenols has been directly carried out with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride using heterodoxy acids (H3PW12O40, H3PMo12O40, AlPW12O40, and AlPMo12O40) as catalysts in the absence of solvent. We found that heteropoly acids AlPW12O40 and AlPMo12O40 were effective catalysts for the tosylation of alcohols and phenols. In the case of aliphatic alcohols, secondary alcohols undergo
Classical carbonium ions. Part II. Synthesis, properties, and solvolysis of alkyl picrates and related compounds. A comparison of arenesulphonate and phenoxide leaving groups
作者:M. L. Sinnott、M. C. Whiting
DOI:10.1039/j29710000965
日期:——
Alkyl picrates can be prepared from picryl fluoride and a wide variety of primary, secondary, and bridgehead tertiary alcohols in the presence of tertiary amines. They can be cleaved, with aryl–oxygen fission, by aqueous ammonia, but solvolyse, with exclusive alkyl–oxygen fission, at rates comparable with those of corresponding toluenesulphonates, in ethanol and acetic acid. Chromophoric changes make
Polar Effects. Part 15. Twin γ-substituent effects in the formation of adamantyl-1-cations
作者:Cyril A. Grob、Martin Gründel、Pawel Sawlewicz
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19880710615
日期:1988.9.28
adamant-1-yl ( = tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec-1-yl) p-toluenesulfonates and bromides 2 identically substituted at C(3) and C(5) (twin substitution) have been determined and compared with the rates of the corresponding 3-monosubstituted compounds 1. As expected, the rate factors for twin substitution are much larger, but less than the square of the rate factors for single substitution. Also the rates factors
REACTION OF<i>exo</i>-2-NORBORNYL AND 1-ADAMANTYL<i>p</i>-TOLUENESULFONATES WITH SODIUM PHENOXIDE IN TETRAHYDROFURAN. IONIZATION OF THE SUBSTRATES UNDER “APPARENTLY-S<sub>N</sub>2” CONDITIONS
exo-2-Norbornyl and 1-adamantyl tosylates react with sodiumphenoxide in tetrahydrofuran via ionization, most probably through a cyclic transition state. The results call for attention in interpreting substitution reactions under “apparently-SN2” conditions.