β-Glucuronyl carbamate based pro-moieties designed for prodrugs in ADEPT
摘要:
A number of pro-moieties 8a - e designed for prodrug preparation have been synthesized (chart 2). The pro-moieties, containing a glucuronyl carbamate group linked to a spacer possessing a terminal carboxylic acid group, have been synthesized from isocyanates 6 and anomerically unprotected glucuronic acids 10 (chart 2). The requisite isocyanates had to be prepared using the Curtius rearrangement. Glucuronyl carbamates proved to be excellent substrates for human beta-glucuronidase. The pro-moieties 8a - e can be coupled to hydroxy- or amino group containing drugs. The resulting prodrugs are designed to be activated by beta-glucuronidase (chart 1) and to be used in ADEPT. Application is demonstrated with the synthesis of daunomycin prodrugs 12a - e (chart 3).
Synthesis and biological activity of β-glucuronyl carbamate-based prodrugs of paclitaxel as potential candidates for ADEPT
摘要:
The syntheses of prodrugs of paclitaxel, which can be used in ADEPT in order to target paclitaxel towards tumor cells, are described. The prodrugs 1 and 2a,b consist of a spacer molecule connected via a carbamate linkage to a beta-glucuronic acid. The spacer molecule is also connected via an ester linkage to the 2'-OH of paclitaxel. Enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the glucuronic acid moiety by human beta-glucuronidase results in the liberation of the parent drug paclitaxel via gamma or delta lactam formation with half-lives of 45 min and 2h (1 and 2h). The prodrugs 1 and 2b are two orders of magnitude less cytotoxic than paclitaxel. (C) 1997, Elsevier Science Ltd.
Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Anomeric β-O-Glycopyranosyl Carbamates from Isocyanates
作者:Ruben G. G. Leenders、Rob Ruytenbeek、Eric W. P. Damen、Hans W. Scheeren
DOI:10.1055/s-1996-4377
日期:1996.11
1-β-O-Glycopyranosyl carbamates are prepared with practically 100% β-diastereoselectivity from anomerically unprotected glycopyranosides and isocyanates. The isocyanates are prepared in situ from carboxylic acids via acyl azides.
The usefulness of SmCl(3) as an excellent catalyst for chemoselective esterifications and selective removal of acid sensitive protecting groups such as Boc, THP, and TBDMS in the presence of one another is demonstrated through suitable examples.