AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and its mechanism of five synthetic methoxy stilbenes, namely 3,4,4ʹ-trimethoxy, 3,4,2ʹ-trimethoxy, 3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-tetramethoxy, 3,4,2ʹ,6ʹ-tetramethoxy, and 3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ,6ʹ-pentamethoxy-trans-stilbenes (MS), in comparison with resveratrol (RSV). Human promyelocytic (HL-60) and monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cells were treated with the tested compounds for 24 h, and cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were evaluated. Significant differences were found in the susceptibility of these cell lines to all stilbenes, including RSV. The THP-1 cells were more resistant to cytotoxic activity of these compounds than HL-60 cells. Among the tested stilbenes, 3,4,4ʹ-tri-MS and 3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-tetra-MS exhibited higher cytotoxicity toward both cell lines than RSV and the other methoxy stilbenes. This activity might be related to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis. In this regard, 3,4,4ʹ-tri-MS and 3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-tetra-MS at highest concentrations increased the p53 protein level particularly in HL-60 cells. Moreover, treatment with these derivatives increased the ratio of the proapoptotic Bax protein to the antiapoptotic Bcl-xl protein, suggesting the induction of apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in both cell lines. Further studies are required to fully elucidate the mechanism of these activities.
本研究旨在评估五种合成甲氧基芪脂素(MS)的细胞毒性及其机制,分别为3,4,4ʹ-三甲氧基、3,4,2ʹ-三甲氧基、3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-四甲氧基、3,4,2ʹ,6ʹ-四甲氧基和3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ,6ʹ-五甲氧基-反式芪脂素,与白藜芦醇(RSV)进行比较。人类早幼粒细胞白血病细胞(HL-60)和单核细胞白血病细胞(THP-1)被处理24小时,评估了细胞毒性、细胞周期分布和凋亡情况。所有芪脂素,包括RSV,对这些细胞系的敏感性存在显著差异。THP-1细胞对这些化合物的细胞毒活性更具抵抗性,而HL-60细胞则更为敏感。在所测试的芪脂素中,3,4,4ʹ-三-MS和3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-四-MS对两种细胞系的细胞毒性高于RSV和其他甲氧基芪脂素。这种活性可能与在G2/M期阻滞细胞周期和诱导凋亡有关。在这方面,3,4,4ʹ-三-MS和3,4,2ʹ,4ʹ-四-MS在最高浓度下特别增加了HL-60细胞中的p53蛋白水平。此外,使用这些衍生物处理增加了促凋亡Bax蛋白与抗凋亡Bcl-xl蛋白的比值,表明通过内在线粒体途径诱导凋亡在两种细胞系中发生。进一步的研究需要完全阐明这些活性的机制。