Preparation, Properties, Reactions, and Adenosine Receptor Affinities of Sulfophenylxanthine Nitrophenyl Esters: Toward the Development of Sulfonic Acid Prodrugs with Peroral Bioavailability
作者:Luo Yan、Christa E. Müller
DOI:10.1021/jm0310030
日期:2004.2.1
esters of p-sulfophenylxanthine derivatives were synthesized as model compounds. The target xanthine derivatives were obtained in high yields by condensation of the appropriate 5,6-diaminouracils with 4-(nitrophenoxysulfonyl)benzoic acids in the presence of a carbodiimide, followed by ring closure with polyphosphoric acid trimethylsilyl ester. The chemical and enzymatic stability of the m-nitrophenyl
P2嘌呤能受体的许多目前已知的拮抗剂是带有一个或几个苯基磺酸酯基的阴离子分子。在P1(腺苷)受体拮抗剂中,黄嘌呤苯磺酸盐是一类有效的化合物。由于它们的高酸度,苯磺酸盐在生理pH值下带负电荷,并且不易穿透细胞膜。本研究旨在通过将磺酸盐转化为化学稳定的硝基苯基酯来开发其亲脂性,口服可生物利用的前药。使用甲苯磺酸硝基苯酯作为模型化合物在不同pH值下进行的初始稳定性测试表明,间硝基苯酯在很宽的pH范围内都是稳定的,而邻位和对位异构体在强酸性或碱性条件下则较不稳定。合成了对磺基苯基黄嘌呤衍生物的一系列间硝基和对硝基苯基酯作为模型化合物。通过在碳二亚胺存在下将合适的5,6-二氨基尿嘧啶与4-(硝基苯氧基磺酰基)苯甲酸缩合,然后用多磷酸三甲基甲硅烷基酯闭环,以高收率获得目标黄嘌呤衍生物。通过毛细管电泳在体外研究了间硝基苯酯的化学和酶稳定性。观察到在水溶液,人造胃酸和血清中的高稳定性。但是,用作原型黄嘌呤