Bringing “N” into the game: The direct chemoselective nitrogenation of unactivated alkenes can be achieved through oxidative selenium catalysis (see scheme). This method provides a broad variety of allylic imides in yields of up to 89 % using N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as the terminal oxidant and nitrogen source. Furthermore, an unprecedented selenium‐catalyzed vinylic C(sp2)–H nitrogenation
METHOD FOR THE CONTROLLED HYDROFORMYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION OF A NITRILE/ESTER/OMEGA UNSATURATED FATTY ACID
申请人:ARKEMA FRANCE
公开号:US20160115120A1
公开(公告)日:2016-04-28
A method to synthesize a fatty nitrile/ester aldehyde comprising the following steps:
1) hydroformylation of a ω-unsaturated fatty nitrile/ester/acid substrate under particular conditions of partial pressure, temperature, reaction time, conversion rate of the ω-unsaturated fatty nitrile/ester/acid reactant, catalyst, [substrate]/[metal] molar ratio and [ligand]/[metal] molar ratio so as after the reaction to obtain:
a hydroformylation product comprising at least one fatty nitrile/ester/acid aldehyde of formula: OHC—(CH
2
)
r+2
—R, and
an isomerate comprising at least one fatty nitrile/ester/acid isomer with internal unsaturation in which at least 80% of the internal isomer(s) of the isomerate are formed of the ω-1 unsaturated isomer of formula CH
3
—CH═CH—(CH
2
)
r−1
—R; followed by:
2) separation and recovery of the fatty nitrile/ester/acid aldehyde and of the isomerate.
一种合成脂肪酸腈/酯醛的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)在特定的分压、温度、反应时间、ω-不饱和脂肪酸腈/酯/酸底物的转化率、催化剂、[底物]/[金属]摩尔比和[配体]/[金属]摩尔比条件下,对ω-不饱和脂肪酸腈/酯/酸底物进行氢甲酰化反应,以便在反应后获得:
a. 一个氢甲酰化产物,包括至少一种公式为 OHC—(CH2)r+2—R 的脂肪酸腈/酯/酸醛;和
b. 一个异构物,包括至少一种具有内部不饱和的脂肪酸腈/酯/酸异构体,其中至少80%的内部异构体是由公式为 CH3—CH═CH—( )r−1—R 的ω-1不饱和异构体形成的;随后进行:
2)分离和回收脂肪酸腈/酯/酸醛和异构物。
Oxidative Allylic Esterification of Alkenes by Cooperative Selenium-Catalysis Using Air as the Sole Oxidant
A new metal-free catalysis protocol for the oxidative coupling of nonactivated alkenes with simple carboxylic acids has been established. This method is predicated on the cooperative interaction of a diselane and a photoredox catalyst, which allows for the use of ambient air or pure O2 as the terminal oxidant. Under the title conditions, a range of both functionalized and nonfunctionalized alkenes
Aromatic [5,5]‐sigmatropic rearrangement is an appealing protocol for accessing 1,4‐substituted arenes. However, such a protocol has not been well utilized in organicsynthesis because of the difficulties in the synthesis of the substrates, selectivity issues, and limited substrate scope. Described herein is a new [5,5]‐sigmatropic reaction utilizing readily available aryl sulfoxides and allyl nitriles
芳香族[5,5] -sigmatropic重排是一种吸引人的协议,可用于访问1,4-取代的芳烃。但是,由于底物的合成困难,选择性问题以及底物范围有限,这种方案在有机合成中并未得到很好的利用。本文描述的是一种新的[5,5]-σ反应,利用易获得的芳基亚砜和烯丙基腈。该反应具有温和的反应条件,高的化学和区域选择性,出色的官能团相容性以及广泛的底物范围。计算研究表明,反应的成功可归因于重排前体的选择性亲电组装,其中线性-C = C = N-键比竞争性[3,3]更有利于[5,5]-σ重排。 ]-σ重排。
Homogeneous metathesis of unsaturated nitriles
作者:Ruud H. A. Bosma、Arjan P. Kouwenhoven、Johannes C. Mol
DOI:10.1039/c39810001081
日期:——
Unsaturatednitriles of general formula CH2CH[CH2]nCN, where I ⩽n⩽ 4, undergo metathesis in the presence of the catalyst system tungsten hexachloride-tetramethyltin with maximum reactivity for n= 2