Visible-light-mediated photoredox minisci C–H alkylation with alkyl boronic acids using molecular oxygen as an oxidant
作者:Jianyang Dong、Fuyang Yue、Hongjian Song、Yuxiu Liu、Qingmin Wang
DOI:10.1039/d0cc05946c
日期:——
report a protocol for direct visible-light-mediated Minisci C–H alkylation reactions of heteroarenes with alkyl boronic acids using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. This mild protocol uses an inexpensive, green oxidant; permits efficient functionalization of various N-heteroarenes with a broad range of primary and secondaryalkyl boronic acids; and is scalable to the gram level. We demonstrated the
Metal-Free Oxidative Decarbonylative Coupling of Aliphatic Aldehydes with Azaarenes: Successful Minisci-Type Alkylation of Various Heterocycles
作者:Ren-Jin Tang、Lei Kang、Luo Yang
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201500268
日期:2015.6.15
A metal‐free oxidative decarbonylative coupling of aliphaticaldehydes with various electron‐deficient heterocycles has been developed. This reaction is supposed to be realized via a Minisci‐type mechanism, based on the substrate scope, regioselectivity and radical trapping experiments. The ready availability of aliphaticaldehydes, metal‐free conditions and broad substrate scope should make this method
Effects of 8-phenyl and 8-cycloalkyl substituents on the activity of mono-, di, and trisubstituted alkylxanthines with substitution at the 1-, 3-, and 7-positions
作者:Mah T. Shamim、Dieter Ukena、William L. Padgett、John W. Daly
DOI:10.1021/jm00126a014
日期:1989.6
The effects of 8-phenyl and 8-cycloalkyl substituents on the activity of theophylline, caffeine, 1,3-dipropylxanthine, 1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine, 3-propylxanthine, and 1-propylxanthine at A1 adenosine receptors of rat brain and fat cells and at A2 adenosine receptors of rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and human platelets are compared. An 8-phenyl substituent has little effect on the activity of
Concise Xanthine Synthesis through a Double-Amidination Reaction of a 6-Chlorouracil with Amidines using Base-Metal Catalysis
作者:Bénédicte Morel、Philippe Franck、Johan Bidange、Sergey Sergeyev、Dan A. Smith、Jonathan D. Moseley、Bert U. W. Maes
DOI:10.1002/cssc.201601483
日期:2017.2.8
A new and concise route towards xanthines through a double‐amidination reaction is described; consecutive intermolecular C−Cl and intramolecular oxidative C−H amidination. N‐uracil amidines are obtained through SNAE on a 6‐chlorouracil with amidines. Direct Cu‐catalyzed oxidative C−H amidination on these N‐uracil amidines yields polysubstituted xanthines. Sustainable oxidants, tBu2O2 or O2, can be
描述了通过双酰胺化反应制备黄嘌呤的新的简洁途径。连续的分子间C-Cl和分子内氧化性CH-H酰胺化。Ñ尿嘧啶脒通过S取得Ñ AE在6氯尿嘧啶与脒。在这些N-尿嘧啶am上直接进行Cu催化的氧化CH H酰胺化反应可得到多取代的黄嘌呤。可持续的氧化剂t Bu 2 O 2或O 2可用于该氧化酶类型的反应。该协议允许引入N 1,N 3,N 7和C在黄嘌呤骨架结构中有8个取代基,从而避免了后功能化步骤。6-氯尿嘧啶和am很容易从市场上购买或通过合成获得。
Low glycemic response compositions
申请人:The Procter & Gamble Co.
公开号:US20020187219A1
公开(公告)日:2002-12-12
The present disclosure is related to compositions useful in the field of foods and beverages. In particular, the present invention relates to those compositions that reduce the postprandial rise in blood glucose (described as low Glycemic Index) that synergistically provide enhanced metabolism in the mammalian system and inhibit the storage of systemic fat. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions comprising:
a) one or more flavanols;
b) one or more bracers; and
c) vitamin B;
wherein the composition exhibits a Glycemic Index of about 55 or less.
As disclosed, the unique combination of ingredients, which provide the defined, low Glycemic Index, work synergistically together to enhance perception of energy and/or improve physiological energy via metabolism enhancement over a long duration of time, without resulting in sudden peaks of glucose in the mammalian system. Thus, the present compositions effectively modulate glucose in the system, thereby providing energy to the system without resulting in the storage of systemic fat.