Different shapes and phases of titania nanostructures with the uniform size distribution were synthesized by hydrothermal sol–gel technique. The influence of annealing temperature on the crystalline character, size and phase of the prepared nanomaterials were evidenced from the diffraction analysis. Infrared spectroscopic analysis ensured the structural confirmation of the sulfated titania nanostructures. Catalytic activity of the synthesized nanometric materials in direct amidation of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids with aromatic amines was evaluated. Among the materials studied, sulfated titania nanotubes with the anatase phase exhibited excellent catalytic activity. The employed solvent-free protocol is greener and eradicates the drawbacks associated with the hazardous solvents employed in the prevailing solution phase methodologies.
利用
水热溶胶-凝胶技术合成了具有均匀尺寸分布的不同形状和相态的
二氧化钛纳米结构。通过衍射分析证实了退火温度对制备的纳米材料的晶体特性、尺寸和相态的影响。红外光谱分析确保了
硫酸化
二氧化钛纳米结构的结构确认。评估了合成的纳米级材料在芳香和脂肪族
羧酸与芳香胺直接酰胺化反应中的催化活性。在研究的材料中,具有
锐钛矿相的
硫酸化
二氧化钛纳米管表现出优异的催化活性。所采用的无溶剂方案更环保,并克服了当前溶液相方法中使用的危险溶剂的缺点。