Synthesis and Evaluation of Potent and Selective β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists Containing Acylsulfonamide, Sulfonylsulfonamide, and Sulfonylurea Carboxylic Acid Isosteres
摘要:
Starting from phenethanolamine aniline leads 3a and 3b, we have identified a series of functionally potent and selective beta(3) adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists containing acylsulfonamide, sulfonylsulfonamide, or sulfonylurea groups within the aniline phenethanolamine series. In beta(3) beta(2), and beta(1) AR cAMP functional assays, 3a and other right-hand side (RHS) carboxylate analogues were found to be full agonists that were modestly selective against beta(1) or beta(2) ARs, while analogues lacking RHS acid functionality were active at beta(3) AR but not selective. Replacement of the carboxylate with acylthiazole and acylmethylsulfone gave potent, but only modestly selective, compounds. Increasing the size of the RHS sulfonamide substituent with phenyl or p-toluene afforded compounds with good potency and functional selectivity (beta(3) AR pEC(50) greater than 8; beta(1) and beta(2) AR selectivity greater than 40- and 500-fold, respectively). Our SAR studies suggest that the potency and selectivity profile of the best analogues reported here is a result of both the steric bulk and acidity of the RHS sulfonamide NH group. Although all of the analogues had a pharmacokinetic half-life of less than 2 h, acylsulfonamides 43 and 44 did show moderately low clearance in dogs. These two compounds were further evaluated by thermographic imaging in mice and were found to produce a robust thermogenic response via oral administration.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Potent and Selective β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists Containing Acylsulfonamide, Sulfonylsulfonamide, and Sulfonylurea Carboxylic Acid Isosteres
摘要:
Starting from phenethanolamine aniline leads 3a and 3b, we have identified a series of functionally potent and selective beta(3) adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists containing acylsulfonamide, sulfonylsulfonamide, or sulfonylurea groups within the aniline phenethanolamine series. In beta(3) beta(2), and beta(1) AR cAMP functional assays, 3a and other right-hand side (RHS) carboxylate analogues were found to be full agonists that were modestly selective against beta(1) or beta(2) ARs, while analogues lacking RHS acid functionality were active at beta(3) AR but not selective. Replacement of the carboxylate with acylthiazole and acylmethylsulfone gave potent, but only modestly selective, compounds. Increasing the size of the RHS sulfonamide substituent with phenyl or p-toluene afforded compounds with good potency and functional selectivity (beta(3) AR pEC(50) greater than 8; beta(1) and beta(2) AR selectivity greater than 40- and 500-fold, respectively). Our SAR studies suggest that the potency and selectivity profile of the best analogues reported here is a result of both the steric bulk and acidity of the RHS sulfonamide NH group. Although all of the analogues had a pharmacokinetic half-life of less than 2 h, acylsulfonamides 43 and 44 did show moderately low clearance in dogs. These two compounds were further evaluated by thermographic imaging in mice and were found to produce a robust thermogenic response via oral administration.
Controlling the Structure, Properties and Surface Reactivity of Clickable Azide‐Functionalized Au
<sub>25</sub>
(SR)
<sub>18</sub>
Nanocluster Platforms Through Regioisomeric Ligand Modifications
作者:Praveen N. Gunawardene、Julia Martin、Jonathan M. Wong、Zhifeng Ding、John F. Corrigan、Mark S. Workentin
DOI:10.1002/anie.202205194
日期:2022.7.18
The correlational properties of regioisomeric, azide-functionalized Au25(SR)18nanoclusters have been explored, and the molecular structures of the neutral forms of these clusters have been obtained. Although the optical properties are similar, alterations to electrochemical profiles and cluster–surface reactivity with a strained-alkyne have been observed that appear to change as the position of the