High-Yielding Process for the Synthesis of Hydroxychloroquine under Concentrated Conditions: Nucleophilic Amination of Chloropyridines Promoted by Dimethyl Sulfoxide or Catalyzed by 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol
作者:Sümeyye Yalduz、Öznur Eyilcim、Nazlıcan Kılıç、Sevinç Gülyüz、Onuralp Denizoğlu、Yunus Zorlu、Erkan Ertürk
DOI:10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00220
日期:2024.1.19
efforts led to the development of two complementary methods for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction of chloropyridines with amines, i.e. aniline, piperidine, cyclohexylamine, and propargylamine. One of which is deemed to be DMSO-promoted through solvent effect, whereas the other method employs 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol as the catalyst. In the former case, the quantity of DMSO used
我们的目标是开发合成抗疟药物羟氯喹的替代途径,我们的努力导致开发了氯吡啶与胺(即苯胺、哌啶、环己胺和炔丙胺)的亲核芳香取代(SN Ar)反应的两种互补方法。其中一种被认为是通过溶剂效应促进DMSO,而另一种方法采用3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯酚作为催化剂。在前一种情况下,我们发现 DMSO 的用量对于获得高产率至关重要。1.00 当量的 DMSO 被确定为实现最高产率的最佳量。然而,在后一种情况下,发现催化量的 3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯酚(50-40 mol%)对 S N Ar具有高活性,从而以高产率提供相应的氨基吡啶高达98%。实验结果和X射线晶体学表明后者发生了加成-消除机制。