Regiodivergent Enantioselective γ-Additions of Oxazolones to 2,3-Butadienoates Catalyzed by Phosphines: Synthesis of α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids and N,O-Acetal Derivatives
摘要:
Phosphine-catalyzed regiodivergent enantioselective C-2- and C-4-selective gamma-additions of oxazolones to 2,3-butadienoates have been developed. The C-4-selective gamma-addition of oxazolones occurred in a highly enantioselective manner when 2-aryl-4-alkyloxazol-5-(4H)-ones were employed as pronudeophiles. With the employment of 2-alkyl-4-aryloxazol-5-(4H)-ones as the donor, C-2-selective gamma-addition of oxazolones took place in a highly enantioselective manner. The C-4-selective adducts provided rapid access to optically enriched alpha,alpha-disubstituted alpha-amino acid derivatives, and the C-2-selective products led to facile synthesis of chiral N,O-acetals and gamma-lactols. Theoretical studies via DFT calculations suggested that the origin of the observed regioselectivity was due to the distortion energy that resulted from the interaction between the nudeophilic oxazolide and the electrophilic phosphonium intermediate.
Regiodivergent Enantioselective γ-Additions of Oxazolones to 2,3-Butadienoates Catalyzed by Phosphines: Synthesis of α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids and N,O-Acetal Derivatives
摘要:
Phosphine-catalyzed regiodivergent enantioselective C-2- and C-4-selective gamma-additions of oxazolones to 2,3-butadienoates have been developed. The C-4-selective gamma-addition of oxazolones occurred in a highly enantioselective manner when 2-aryl-4-alkyloxazol-5-(4H)-ones were employed as pronudeophiles. With the employment of 2-alkyl-4-aryloxazol-5-(4H)-ones as the donor, C-2-selective gamma-addition of oxazolones took place in a highly enantioselective manner. The C-4-selective adducts provided rapid access to optically enriched alpha,alpha-disubstituted alpha-amino acid derivatives, and the C-2-selective products led to facile synthesis of chiral N,O-acetals and gamma-lactols. Theoretical studies via DFT calculations suggested that the origin of the observed regioselectivity was due to the distortion energy that resulted from the interaction between the nudeophilic oxazolide and the electrophilic phosphonium intermediate.
A highly efficient catalytic asymmetric Formal [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of 5-alkoxyoxazoles with azodicarboxylate compounds has been realized by a chiral N,N'-dioxide/Co(BF4)2.6H2O complex. A series of poly-substituted 1,2,4-triazolines compounds were obtained...
Probing the Efficiency of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Promoted <i>O</i>- to C-Carboxyl Transfer of Oxazolyl Carbonates
作者:Jennifer E. Thomson、Craig D. Campbell、Carmen Concellón、Nicolas Duguet、Kathryn Rix、Alexandra M. Z. Slawin、Andrew D. Smith
DOI:10.1021/jo702720a
日期:2008.4.1
Screening of a range of azolium salts, bases and solvents for reactivity indicates that triazolinylidenes, generated in situ with KHMDS in THF, promote the Steglich rearrangement of oxazolyl carbonates with high catalytic efficiency (typical reaction time 5 min at < 1.5 mol % NHC). This protocol shows wide substrate applicability, even allowing the efficient generation of vicinal quaternary centers. An improved experimental procedure is also described that allows a simplified one-pot reaction protocol to be employed with similarly high catalytic efficiency.
The effect of substituents on the chiral solvating properties of (S)-1,6-dialkylpiperazine-2,5-diones
作者:Črt Malavašič、Branko Stanovnik、Jernej Wagger、Jurij Svete
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.07.019
日期:2011.6
The effect of substituents on the chiral solvating properties of 13 different (S)-1,6-dialkylpiperazine-2,5-diones (S)-1a-m and five (35,6S)-1,3,6-trialkyl analogues (S,S)-1n-r was studied by NMR in CDCl(3) with methyl (RS)-N-benzoylleucinate (RS)-2a as the model analyte. Most diketopiperazines exhibited typical resolution, Delta Delta delta(-20)(RS) similar to 0.1 ppm. Increased performance was observed with 6-CH(2)R substituted compounds (S)-1h-j. The best resolution of the NH protons of (R)-2a and (S)-2a, Delta Delta delta(-2)(RS)0 = 0.227 ppm, was obtained with (S)-1-isopropyl-6-(4-nitrobenzyl)piperazine-2,5-dione (S)-1j. An additional syn-oriented substituent at the C(3) position decreased the enantioselectivity. Association constants for the binding of (S)-1j to each enantiomer of (RS)-2a in CDCl(3) at -20 degrees C were determined by NMR titration. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.