N6-Substituted adenine and 2,6-diaminopurine derivatives of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)- ethyl] (PME), 9-[(R)-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl] [(R)-PMP] and enantiomeric (S)-PMP series were synthesized by reactions of primary or secondary amines with 6-chloro-9-[2-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)methoxy]alkyl}purines (26-28) or 2-amino-6-chloro-9-[2-(diisopropoxy- phosphoryl)methoxy]alkyl}purines (29-31) followed by treatment of the diester intermediates32with bromo(trimethyl)silane and hydrolysis. Diesters32were also obtained by reaction ofN6-substituted purines with synthons23-25bearing diisopropoxyphosphoryl group. Alkylation of 2-amino-6-chloropurine (9) with diethyl [2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl]phosphonate (148) gave the diester149which was analogously converted toN6-substituted 2,6-diamino- 9-[2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl]purines151-153. Alkylation ofN6-substituted 2,6-diaminopurines with (R)-[(trityloxy)methyl]oxirane (155) followed by reaction of thus-obtained intermediates156with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal and condensation with diisopropyl [(tosyloxy)methyl]phosphonate (158) followed by deprotection of the intermediates159gaveN6-substituted 2,6-diamino-9-[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]purines160-163. The highest cytostatic activityin vitrowas exhibited by the followingN6-derivatives of 2,6-diamino-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purine (PMEDAP): 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (53), allyl (54), [(2-dimethylamino)ethyl] (68), cyclopropyl (75) and dimethyl (91). In CCRF-CEM cells, the cyclopropyl derivative75is deaminated to the guanine derivative PMEG (3) which is then converted to its diphosphate.
N6-取代
腺嘌呤和
2,6-二氨基嘌呤衍
生物9-[2-(
磷酸甲氧基)-乙基](PME)、9-[(R)-2-(
磷酸甲氧基)丙基] [(R)-
PMP] 和对映体(S)-
PMP 系列通过初级或次级胺与6-
氯-9-[2-(二异丙氧
磷酰基)甲氧基]烷基}
嘌呤(26-28)或2-
氨基-6-
氯-9-[2-(二异丙氧
磷酰基)甲氧基]烷基}
嘌呤(29-31)的反应合成,随后用
溴化(三甲基)
硅烷和
水解处理二酯中间体32。二酯32也可通过N6-取代
嘌呤与带有二异丙氧
磷酰基的合成物23-25发生反应获得。
2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤(9)与
二乙基[2-(2-
氯乙氧基)乙基]
磷酸酯(148)的烷基化反应得到二酯149,类似地转化为N6-取代2,6-二
氨基-9-[2-(2-
磷酸乙氧基)乙基]
嘌呤151-153。N6-取代
2,6-二氨基嘌呤与(R)-[(三苄氧基)甲基]
环氧乙烷(155)发生烷基化反应,随后用二甲基甲酰胺二甲基
缩醛和与异丙基[(对
甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]
磷酸酯(158)发生缩合反应,然后去保护中间体159得到N6-取代2,6-二
氨基-9-[(S)-3-羟基-2-(
磷酸甲氧基)丙基]
嘌呤160-163。体外细胞毒活性最高的是以下2,6-二
氨基-9-[2-(
磷酸甲氧基)乙基]
嘌呤(PMEDAP)的N6-衍
生物:
2,2,2-三氟乙基(53)、烯丙基(54)、[(2-二甲基
氨基)乙基](68)、环丙基(75)和二甲基(91)。在CCRF-C
EM细胞中,环丙基衍
生物75被脱
氨基化为
鸟嘌呤衍
生物P
MEG(3),然后转化为其二
磷酸盐。