四甲基铵 | 51-92-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氮化合物
• 中文名称: 四甲基铵
• 英文名称: tetramethylammonium
• 英文别名: tetramethylammonium cation；tetramethylammonium ion；TMA；tetramethylazanium
• CAS: 51-92-3
• 化学式: C₄H₁₂N
• 分子量: 74.146
• InChiKey: QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.3
• 重原子数：
  5
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  四甲基铵 在 氯胺 作用下， 以 phosphate buffer 为溶剂， 反应 240.0h， 生成 亚硝基二甲胺
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Characterization and Fate of N-Nitrosodimethylamine Precursors in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

  摘要：

  The potent carcinogen, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), is produced during disinfection of municipal wastewater effluent from the reaction of monochloramine and organic nitrogen-containing precursors. To delineate the sources and fate of NDMA precursors during municipal wastewater treatment, NDMA formation was measured after extended chloramination of both model precursors and samples from conventional and advanced wastewater treatment plants. Of the model precursors, only dimethylamine, tertiary amines with dimethylamine functional groups, and dimethylamides formed significant NDMA concentrations upon chloramination. In samples from municipal wastewater treatment plants, dissolved NDMA precursors always were present in primary and secondary effluents. Biological treatment effectively removed the known NDMA precursor dimethylamine, lowering its concentration to levels that could not produce significant quantities of NDMA upon chlorine disinfection. However, biological treatment was less effective at removing other dissolved NDMA precursors, even after extended biological treatment. Significant concentrations of particle-associated NDMA precursors only were detected in secondary effluent at treatment plants that recycled water from sludge thickening operations in which dimethylamine-based synthetic polymers were used. Effective strategies for the prevention of NDMA formation during wastewater chlorination include ammonia removal by nitrification to preclude chloramine formation during chlorine disinfection, elimination of dimethylamine-based polymers, and use of filtration and reverse osmosis to remove particle-associated precursors and dissolved precursors, respectively.

  DOI：

  10.1021/es035025n
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  甲胺 在 zeolite 4A 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 四甲基铵
  参考文献：
  名称：

  压力跳跃法研究4A型沸石中甲基铵离子与钠（1+）的离子交换动力学

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/j150625a037
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  甲醇 、 氯-二甲氧基膦 在 四甲基铵 作用下， 生成 三甲氧基磷
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Alkyl aryl bromophosphates : nouveaux reactifs de phosphorylation

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4039(00)71487-0

文献信息

• Zum ?Hofmann'schen Abbau? des Gelsemins
  作者：V. Prelog、J. B. Patrick、B. Witkop

  DOI：10.1002/hlca.19520350231

  日期：1952.2.1

  Die durch die thermische Spaltung aus quaternären Ammonium-Basen von Gelsemin und seinen Hydrierungsprodukten erhaltenen des-N-Methyl-Basen5) erwiesen sich als identisch mit den entsprechenden N(a)-Methyl-gelsemin-Derivaten.

  发现通过热裂解明胶碱的季铵碱及其氢化产物获得的des-N-甲基碱5）与相应的N（a）-甲基-明胶胺衍生物相同。
• Quaternary Ammonium Trifluoromethoxide Salts as Stable Sources of Nucleophilic OCF₃
  作者：Josiah J. Newton、Benson J. Jelier、Michael Meanwell、Rainer E. Martin、Robert Britton、Chadron M. Friesen

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00099

  日期：2020.3.6

  methyl ethers provides quaternary ammonium trifluoromethoxide (NR4OCF3) and pentafluoroethoxide (NR4OCF2CF3) salts, respectively, in good yields. The new trifluoromethoxide salts disclosed herein are uniquely stable for extended periods of time in both the solid state and in solution, which complements contemporary reagents. Here we describe the preparation of a range of NR4OCF3 salts, their long-term stability

  亲核叔胺与三氟甲基和五氟乙基甲基醚的反应分别以高收率提供了三氟甲基季铵盐（NR4OCF3）和五氟乙氧基盐（NR4OCF2CF3）盐。本文公开的新的三氟甲醇盐在固态和在溶液中均在延长的时间内具有独特的稳定性，这是对现代试剂的补充。在这里，我们描述了一系列NR4OCF3盐的制备，它们的长期稳定性以及在取代反应中的效用。
• Oxidation of elemental transition metals by decaborane to form metalloboranes
  作者：Donald F. Gaines、Gail A. Steehler

  DOI：10.1039/c39820000122

  日期：——

  oxidation of active metal slurries in ethers using decaborane(14) produces metallaborame complexes of the type M(B10H12)22–(M = Zn,Ni, Co).

  使用十硼烷（14）在乙醚中氧化活性金属浆液会生成M（B 10 H 12）2 2–（M = Zn，Ni，Co）型金属laborame配合物。
• Synthesis and X-ray structure of [Ni₁₆(CO)₂₃C₄]^4–: a tetracarbide anionic cluster containing two interstitial C₂fragments
  作者：Alessandro Ceriotti、Giuliano Longoni、Mario Manassero、Norberto Masciocchi、Giampiero Piro、Luigi Resconi、Mirella Sansoni

  DOI：10.1039/c39850001402

  日期：——

  Reaction of [Ni10(CO)16C2]2– with four equivalents of PPh3 in tetrahydrofuran quantitatively afforded the novel brown [Ni16(CO)23C4]4– tetra-anion, whose metal frame has been shown by X-ray diffraction studies to consist of a unique hexadecanuclear truncated ν2-octahedron caging two interstitial C2 moieties with a very short interatomic C-C separation of 1.38 Å.

  用四个当量的三苯基磷(PPh3)在四氢呋喃中与[Ni10(CO)16C2]2–反应，定量生成了新型棕色四负离子[Ni16(CO)23C4]4‖。其金属框架通过X射线衍射研究显示，由一个独特的十六核截头ν2-八面体构成，内部囊括了两个间隙C2部分，原子间C-C距离非常短，仅为1.38 Å。
• Conformational Selection as the Mechanism of Guest Binding in a Flexible Supramolecular Host
  作者：Cynthia M. Hong、David M. Kaphan、Robert G. Bergman、Kenneth N. Raymond、F. Dean Toste

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.7b03812

  日期：2017.6.14

  initially self-assemble into an S4-symmetric structure and then subsequently isomerize to a T-symmetric tetrahedron for better accommodation of a sufficiently large guest. Selective inversion recovery 1H NMR studies provide structural insights into the self-exchange behaviors of the host and the guest individually in this dynamic system. Kinetic analysis of the encapsulation-isomerization event revealed that

  这项研究提供了对新型酶模拟金属配体宿主中宿主 - 客体封装行为的详细机制研究，并首次观察了超分子系统中的构象选择机制（与诱导匹配相反）。所描述的 Ga4L4 主体具有 C3 对称配体基序和间位取代的苯基间隔基团，这使主体能够最初自组装成 S4 对称结构，然后随后异构化为 T 对称四面体，以便更好地容纳足够大的来宾。选择性反转恢复 1H NMR 研究提供了对该动态系统中主体和客体的自交换行为的结构洞察。封装-异构化事件的动力学分析表明，增加客体浓度会抑制主客体松弛的速率，这是构象选择的一个关键区别特征。对这种简单酶模拟物的综合研究提供了对生物物理学和酶学中类似行为的深入了解，旨在为高效自组装微环境催化剂的设计提供信息。

表征谱图