摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词

氯胺 | 10599-90-3

中文名称
氯胺
中文别名
——
英文名称
chloroamine
英文别名
chloramine;monochloramine;monochloroamine;MCA
氯胺化学式
CAS
10599-90-3
化学式
ClH2N
mdl
——
分子量
51.4756
InChiKey
QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -66 °C
  • 密度:
    1.180±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    溶于水、乙醇、乙醚;溶于苯、四氯化碳
  • LogP:
    -1.19
  • 物理描述:
    Chloramine is a colorless to yellow liquid with a strong pungent odor. (NTP, 1992)
  • 颜色/状态:
    YELLOW LIQUID
  • 稳定性/保质期:

    Unstable

  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and hydrogen chloride/.

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.1
  • 重原子数:
    2
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    26
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
分类:D;无法归类为人致癌性。分类依据:基于不充分的人类数据和动物生物测试中致癌性的不确定证据。一项为期2年的生物测试显示,雌性F344/N大鼠的单核细胞白血病有边缘性增加。在雄性大鼠或雄性或雌性B6C3F1小鼠中没有致癌活性的证据。体外和体内的遗传毒性研究均给出了阴性结果。人类致癌性数据:不充分。动物致癌性数据:不充分。
CLASSIFICATION: D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on inadequate human data and equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity from animal bioassays. A 2-year bioassay showed a marginal increase in mononuclear cell leukemia in female F344/N rats. No evidence of carcinogenic activity was reported in male rats or in male or female B6C3F1 mice. Genotoxicity studies, both in vitro and in vivo, gave negative results. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构致癌物:氯胺
IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Chloramine
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构(IARC)致癌物分类:第3组:对其对人类的致癌性无法分类
IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构专论:第84卷:(2004年)一些饮用消毒剂和污染物,包括
IARC Monographs:Volume 84: (2004) Some Drinking-water Disinfectants and Contaminants, including Arsenic
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
氯胺抑制了纯化的大鼠肝脏酶,包括N10-甲酰四氢叶酸脱氢酶(0.56-3.35微摩尔)和甲醛脱氢酶(2.7-101微摩尔),在体外条件下。
Monochloramine inhibited purified rat liver enzymes, N10-formyl tetrahyrdofolate dehydrogenase (0.56-3.35 uM) and formaldehyde dehydrogenase (2.7-101 uM), in vitro.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠(体重220-240克)口服给予每只动物1.1毫克的[36Cl]标记的氯胺[ NH2 36Cl]溶液,溶液体积为3毫升,浓度为370毫克/升氯胺。[36Cl]的血浆峰浓度(10.3微克/升)在给药后8小时达到,吸收和消除半衰期分别为2.5小时和38.8小时。放射性活度的分布以血浆中最高,脂肪中最低。在大约120小时的治疗期间,大约25%和2%的放射性标记氯胺剂量分别通过尿液和粪便排出。仅在治疗120小时后,血浆中有0.35%的给药剂量的单氯胺以[36Cl]化物的形式存在。没有提出单氯胺代谢过程中酶干预的证据。
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-240 g) were given 1.1 mg per animal [36Cl]-labelled chloramine [NH2 36Cl] orally as 3 mL of solution containing 370 mg/L chloramine. The peak plasma concentration of 36Cl (10.3 ug/L) was reached 8 hr after dosing, and the absorption and elimination half-lives were 2.5 hr and 38.8 hr, respectively. The distribution of radioactivity was highest in plasma and lowest in fat. Approximately 25% and 2% of the administered dose of radiolabelled chloramine was excreted in the urine and feces, respectively, during 120 hr of treatment. Only 0.35% of the administered dose of monochloramine was present in plasma as [36Cl] chloride 120 hr after treatment. No evidence for enzymatic intervention in the metabolism of monochloramine was presented.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
15微摩尔单氯胺对隔离灌流雄性SD大鼠肝脏功能的影响进行了研究。肝脏对单氯胺的摄取率平均为98%。大约有0.7%被肝脏摄取的单氯胺谷胱甘肽(GSH)还原,并以GSH二硫化物的形式出现在胆汁中。
The effect of 15 uM monochloramine as hepatic function was investigated in isolated perfused male Sprague-Dawley rat liver. The uptake of monochloramine averaged 98%. Approximately 0.7% of the amount taken up by the liver was reduced by glutathione (GSH) and appeared in the bile in the form of GSH disulfide.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    8
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    8
  • 储存条件:
    库房应保持低温、通风和干燥的环境,并可进行低温冷冻保存。

制备方法与用途

生产方法

借助一根直径10~12毫米的玻璃管,将2升反应瓶A与蛇形冷凝器B连接(见图3),并在冷凝器外套筒C中注满冰。冷凝器下端连接的粗玻璃管(直径3.5厘米)伸入接收器500毫升硬质玻璃烧瓶D中,此瓶直径约为4.5厘米。在接收器D中加入250毫升乙醚,使粗玻璃管下端距离乙醚液面约2.5厘米。此导管需有适当的孔径和位置,以防止冰堵塞。将整个接收器置于干冰-丙酮浴E中冷却,并让其中的其他导出管与泵和气压计连接。

在2升反应瓶A中放置550毫升浓度约为1.5摩尔/升(需准确测量)的氨水,冷却至0℃后加入100克碎冰及1.5摩尔/升、575毫升的次氯酸钠溶液。立即连接仪器,并启动泵调节真空度为2.00~3.333千帕,在40~45℃热浴中蒸馏,约50~60分钟内收集到含有150~170克的馏出物。停止蒸馏后,立即将接收器D中的乙醚溶液(含冰)倒入低温冷却容器中(建议使用直径4~5厘米、长度30~35厘米的大玻璃管以便放入杜瓦瓶保存),从而获得约160~170毫升的乙醚溶液,其中含有约0.18摩尔的。接着,在烧瓶D中加入约70毫升乙醚,并将其置于40℃以下温中使冰融化。当冰刚溶解时立即分出乙醚,冷冻干燥数分钟后通过棉花过滤合并至前面收集到的乙醚溶液中,最终得到230~250毫升含有约0.25摩尔的混合物。

类别

腐蚀物品

爆炸物危险特性

氯胺在低于-50℃时会剧烈分解

可燃性危险特性

热分解会产生有毒氮氧化物、化物烟雾

储运特性

低温通风干燥库房;低温冷冻保存

灭火剂

二氧化碳、泡沫、干粉

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    氯胺sodium hydroxide 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 生成
    参考文献:
    名称:
    The Effect of Hydroxide and Ammonium Ions on the Reaction of Chloramine with Aqueous Ammonia
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1021/ja01617a008
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    二氯胺 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 生成 氯胺
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Hand, Vincent C.; Margerum, Dale W., Inorganic Chemistry, 1983, vol. 22, # 10, p. 1449 - 1456
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Hoegerle, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1958, vol. 41, p. 548,553
    摘要:
    DOI:
点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • Process for preparing hydrazines
    申请人:——
    公开号:US04286108A1
    公开(公告)日:1981-08-25
    A process is disclosed for preparing anhydrous hydrazines by reacting a tertiary hydrazinium halide with a corresponding alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide in the presence of a non-aqueous inert carrier.
    揭示了一种通过在非惰性载体存在下,将三级盐与相应的碱属或碱土属酰胺反应制备无的方法。
  • [EN] JAK KINASE MODULATING COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS MODULANT LES KINASES JAK ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LES UTILISER
    申请人:AMBIT BIOSCIENCES CORP
    公开号:WO2010002472A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-01-07
    Provided herein are pyrrolotriazine compounds for treatment of JAK kinase, including JAK2 kinase mediated diseases. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds and compositions.
    本文提供了用于治疗JAK激酶,包括JAK2激酶介导的疾病的吡咯三嗪化合物。还提供了包含这些化合物的药物组合物以及使用这些化合物和组合物的方法。
  • Process for producing azasulfonium salts and rearrangement thereof to
    申请人:The Ohio State University Research Foundation
    公开号:US03985756A1
    公开(公告)日:1976-10-12
    Preparing ortho-substituted anilines by reacting an N-chloroaniline with a non-carbonylic di-hydrocarbon sulfide to form an azasulfonium chloride, reacting the azasulfonium chloride with a strong base to form an aniline substituted in the 2-position with a hydrocarbon-S-hydrocarbyl thio-ether group. The ortho-substituted thio-ether compounds can be reduced with a de-sulfurizing reducing agent such as Raney nickel or the like to form the ortho-alkylated aniline. The aniline may be an amino-pyridine. The azasulfonium salt and thio-ether intermediate products can be isolated and recovered. If desired, the thio-ether compounds can be reduced to form ortho-alkylated aniline products which are useful as intermediates for a wide variety of purposes, including their uses in making dyes, herbicides, and the like.
    通过将N-氯苯胺与非酮二烃硫化物反应,形成_azasulfonium_化物,将_azasulfonium_化物与强碱反应,在2位上带有烃基-S-烃基醚基团的苯胺。这种正构醚化合物可以用脱还原剂如Raney等还原,形成正构烷基化苯胺苯胺可以是氨基吡啶。可以分离和回收_azasulfonium_盐和醚中间体。如果需要,醚化合物可以还原形成正构烷基化苯胺产品,这些产品可用作多种用途的中间体,包括用于制造染料除草剂等。
  • Gold(I) Heteroatom-Substituted Imido Complexes. Amino Nitrene Loss from [(LAu)<sub>3</sub>(μ-NNR<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>+</sup>
    作者:Bruce W. Flint、Yi Yang、Paul R. Sharp
    DOI:10.1021/ic990586u
    日期:2000.2.1
    The heteroatom-substituted imido complexes [(LAu)3(mu-NX)]+ (X = NR2, R = Ph, Me, Bz; X = OH, Cl; L = a phosphine) have been prepared from the reactions of NH2X with [(LAu)3(mu-O)]+. Thermally unstable [(LAu)3(mu-NNMe2)]+ (L = P(p-XC6H4)3, X = H, F, Me, Cl, MeO) decompose to the gold cluster [LAu]6(2+) and tetramethyltetrazene Me2NN=NNMe2. The decomposition is first-order overall with a rate constant
    杂原子取代的亚基配合物[(LAu)3(mu-NX)] +(X = NR2,R = Ph,Me,Bz; X = OH,Cl; L = a膦)已由NH2X反应制备与[(LAu)3(mu-O)] +。热不稳定的[(LAu)3(mu-NNMe2)] +(L = P(p-XC6H4)3,X = H,F,Me,Cl,MeO)分解成簇[LAu] 6(2+)和四甲基四烯Me2NN = NNMe2。总的来说,分解是一阶的,速率常数随膦配体的pKa的增加而增加。分解的活化参数为deltaH(不等于)= 99(4)kJ / mol和deltaS(不等于)= 18.5(5)L / PPh3和deltaH(不等于)= 78的J / K.mol (3)对于L = P(p-MeOC6H4)3,kJ / mol和deltaS(不等于)= -47(2)J / K.mol。类似的[(LAu)3(mu-NNBz2)] +的
  • 3,4,5-Substituted piperidines as therapeutic compounds
    申请人:Herold Peter
    公开号:US20070167433A1
    公开(公告)日:2007-07-19
    Use of compounds of the general formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , W, X and Z, n and m have the definitions illustrated in detail in the description, as beta-secretase, cathepsin D, plasmepsin II and/or HIV protease inhibitors.
    在一般式(I)及其药用可接受盐中使用具有详细定义的R1、R2、R3、R4、W、X和Z、n和m的化合物,作为β-分泌酶、半胱蛋白酶D、质粒蛋白酶II和/或HIV蛋白酶抑制剂。
查看更多