Synthesis and antiviral activity of phosphonoacetic and phosphonoformic acid esters of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and related pyrimidine nucleosides and acyclonucleosides
作者:Robert W. Lambert、Joseph A. Martin、Gareth J. Thomas、Ian B. Duncan、Michael J. Hall、Edgar P. Heimer
DOI:10.1021/jm00122a014
日期:1989.2
Phosphonoacetic acid (PAA, 1) was coupled with various acyclonucleosides, 2'-deoxyuridines, cytidines, and arabinosyluracils, with 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (TPS) or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCI) as condensing agents, to give a range of phosphonate esters. The carboxylic ester linkage of PAA to the 5'-position of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR, 3) was achieved via the mixed anhydride
5′-Carbamoylphosphonyl-[6-3H]-AZT as a Tool for Studying Metabolic Transformations of the Nonradioactive Counterpart, an Inhibitor of HIV Replication
作者:Dmitry V. Yanvarev、Elena A. Shirokova、Maria V. Astapova、Vyacheslav I. Shram、Marina K. Kukhanova、Yury S. Skoblov
DOI:10.1080/15257770701505899
日期:2007.11.26
An effective synthesis of 5′-carbamoylphosphonyl-[6-3H]-AZT was developed from [6-3H]-AZT.For the synthesized compound, chemical and enzymatic stability were determined and its penetrationa cross HL-60 cell membranes was studied.
Prodrugs of pharmaceuticals with improved bioavailability
申请人:The Regents of the University of California
公开号:US07517858B1
公开(公告)日:2009-04-14
Lipid prodrugs of pharmaceutical agents and their analogs that have increased anticancer, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative activity over the parent drug, and methods for making lipid prodrugs. Compositions comprising lipid prodrugs for treating disease and methods for treating disease which involve using the compositions.
5'-Phosphonates of natural 2'-deoxynucleosides and ribonucleosides were synthesized by condensation of 3'-O-acylated 2'-deoxynucleosides or 2',3'-substituted (2',3'-O-isopropylidene, 2',3'-O-methoxymethylene or 2',3'-O-ethoxymethylene) ribonucleosides. As condensing agents, either N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulphonyl chloride were used. Nucleoside 5'-ethoxycarbonylphosphonates were converted into corresponding nucleoside 5'-aminocarbonylphosphonates by action of ammonia in methanol or aqueous ammonia. 5'-Hydrogenphosphonothioates of thymidine and 3'-deoxythymidine were obtained by reaction of phosphinic acid in the presence of pivaloyl chloride with 3'-O-acetylthymidine or 3'-deoxythymidine, respectively, followed by addition of powedered sulfur. 5'-O-methylenephosphonates of thymidine and 2'-deoxyadenosine were prepared by intramolecular reaction of corresponding 3'-O-iodomethylphosphonates under basic conditions. All compounds were tested for inhibition of several viruses, including HSV-2 and CMV, but showed no activity. A few compounds insignificantly inhibited HIV-1 reproduction. Thymidine 5'-hydrogenphosphonate neutralized anti-HIV action of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and it indirectly showed that even some nucleoside 5'-phosphonates could be partly hydrolyzed in cell culture to corresponding nucleosides.
PRODRUGS OF PHARMACEUTICALS WITH IMPROVED BIOAVAILABILITY