Tandem addition-cyclization reactions of 2-alkynylbenzenamines with isocyanatescatalyzed by palladium chloride are described. This reaction is performed in the presence of 10 mol% of palladium chloride in THF at 80 degrees C, which provides an efficient and practical route for the synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted indoles.
The present specification discloses honeybee repellents exhibiting repellent properties similar to 2-heptanone, compositions comprising such repellents, uses to repel a honeybee from a mammal, location, plant, structure treated of such repellents, and methods of treating a mammal, location, plant, structure by applying such repellents.