Congo red,IND

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: Congo red,IND
• 英文别名: disodium;4-amino-3-[[4-[4-[(1-amino-4-sulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonate
• 化学式: C32H22N6Na2O6S2
• 分子量: 696.7
• InChiKey: IQFVPQOLBLOTPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.47
• 重原子数：
  48
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  6.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  233
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  12

ADMET

代谢

刚果红，一种源自联苯胺的偶氮染料，以及2-偶氮氧基芴，一种2-氨基芴的衍生物，在大鼠肠道细菌悬浮液中过夜培养时被还原。高效液相色谱和紫外光谱分析验证了刚果红培养物提取物中存在联苯胺。... 刚果红培养物提取物在存在后线粒体活化系统的情况下，对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA1538具有诱变性，但刚果红在没有这种还原预处理的情况下并不具有诱变性。... 通过使用盲肠细菌的还原预处理，可以扩大 Ames 测试在筛选潜在诱变剂方面的实用性。

Congo red, an azo dye derived from benzidine, and 2-azoxyfluorene, a derivative of 2-aminofluorene, were reduced during overnight incubation with a suspension of rat intestinal bacteria. HPLC and uv spectral analysis verified the presence of benzidine in the extracts of the Congo red incubations. ... Extracts of the Congo red incubations were mutagenic toward Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 in the presence of post-mitochondrial activating system, but Congo red was not mutagenic without this reductive pretreatment. ... The utility of the Ames test in screening for potential mutagens may be expanded by a reductive pretreatment utilizing cecal bacteria.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 副作用

NTP致癌物 - 已知是一种人类致癌物。

NTP Carcinogen - Known to be a human carcinogen.

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 毒性数据

LCLo（大鼠）= 50,000 毫克/立方米/小时

LCLo (rat) = 50,000 mg/m3/1h

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 相互作用

beta-淀粉样肽在应用于来自大鼠胚胎的海马神经元原代培养时具有神经毒性。这种神经毒性可以通过某些染料完全抑制。其中最有效的是刚果红和刚果鲁宾。刚果红还能抑制人类胰腺淀粉样多肽淀粉蛋白的神经毒性。推测这些染料通过与淀粉样多肽的beta-折叠片结构相互作用，阻止聚集，从而防止神经毒性。

beta-Amyloid peptides are neurotoxic when applied to primary cultures of hippocampal neurons from the embryonic rat. This neurotoxic effect can be inhibited completely by certain dyes. ... The most potent of these are Congo Red and Congo Rubin. ... Congo red also inhibits the neurotoxic effects of the human pancreatic amylodiogenic peptide amylin. It is postulated that these dyes, by interacting with the beta-pleated sheet structure of amylodiogenic peptides, prevent aggregation and hence neurotoxicity.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

beta-Amyloid (beta A) 通常产生为一种无毒的可溶性肽。在阿尔茨海默病中，beta A 聚集并在大脑中积累，形成不活跃的弥散斑块或与神经退行性变化相关的致密斑块。为了确定神经毒性与 beta A 的物理状态之间的关系...创建了（1）类似于弥散斑块的 beta A 的非淀粉样生成的无定形聚集物（无定形 beta A，Am-beta A）和（2）类似于致密斑块的 beta A 的淀粉样纤维（纤维状 beta A，Fib-beta A）。在初级大鼠海马培养中，Fib-beta A 显示出神经毒性，而 Am-beta A 则没有毒性。Fib-beta A 在活神经元中引起了显著的突触丢失，而 Am beta-A 对突触数量没有影响。淀粉样纤维结合染料刚果红通过抑制纤维形成或结合预先形成的纤维来抑制 Fib-beta A 的神经毒性。刚果红还抑制了与糖尿病相关的淀粉样蛋白淀粉素对胰腺胰岛细胞的毒性，这是一种另一种类型的淀粉样纤维。这些结果表明，beta A 的神经毒性需要纤维形成。

beta-Amyloid (beta A) is normally produced as a nontoxic soluble peptide. In Alzheimer disease, beta A aggregates and accumulates in the brain as inert diffuse plaques or compact plaques associated with neurodegenerative changes. To determine the relationship of neurotoxicity to the physical state of beta A ... creation of (1) nonamyloidogenic amorphous aggregates of beta A (amorphous beta A, Am-beta A) analogous to diffuse plaques and (2) amyloidogenic fibrils of beta A (fibrillar beta A, Fib-beta A) analogous to compact plaques. In primary rat hippocampal culture, Fib-beta A was neurotoxic, where as Am-beta A was not toxic. Fib-beta A caused significant loss of synapses in viable neurons, while Am beta-A had no effect on synapse number. The amyloid fibril binding dye Congo red inhibited Fib-beta A neurotoxicity by inhibiting fibril formation or by binding to preformed fibrils. Congo red also inhibited the pancreatic islet cell toxicity of diabetes associated amylin, another type of amyloid fibril. These results indicate that beta A neurotoxicity requires fibril formation.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

可能会出现严重过敏反应（过敏性休克）。可能的致癌物质。

MAY HAVE SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTION (ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK). POSSIBLE CARCINOGEN.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)