levulinic acid Cs salt

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 酮酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: levulinic acid Cs salt
• 英文别名: cesium levulinoate；Cesium levulinate；cesium;4-oxopentanoate
• 化学式: C₅H₇O₃*Cs
• 分子量: 248.014
• InChiKey: BINPHAXVKOTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -3.89
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  57.2
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  levulinic acid Cs salt 、 methyl 2,3-di-O-benzoyl-6-O-benzyl-4-(4-bromobenzenesufonyl)-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside 在 18-冠醚-6 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 18.0h， 以99%的产率得到methyl 2,3,6-di-O-benzyl-4-O-levulinoyl-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside
  参考文献：
  名称：

  从[U - 13 C] -D-葡萄糖化学合成13 C标记的神经节苷脂Gb 3三糖

  摘要：

  细菌毒素与其细胞表面糖脂受体的相互作用为治疗干预提供了空间。尽管已经报道了大肠杆菌verotoxin-1的晶体和溶液结构，但毒素的糖脂结合结构域与其天然配体神经节苷脂Gb 3（Galα1→4Galβ1→4Glcβ1→Cer）相互作用的确切性质尚待确定。确认的。为此，我们现在报道从[U - 13 C] -D-葡萄糖以同位素富集的形式合成Gb 3三糖的（2-三甲基甲硅烷基）乙基糖苷。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00577-8
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  乙酰丙酸 在 cesium hydroxide 作用下， 以 甲醇 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 以100%的产率得到levulinic acid Cs salt
  参考文献：
  名称：

  从[U - 13 C] -D-葡萄糖化学合成13 C标记的神经节苷脂Gb 3三糖

  摘要：

  细菌毒素与其细胞表面糖脂受体的相互作用为治疗干预提供了空间。尽管已经报道了大肠杆菌verotoxin-1的晶体和溶液结构，但毒素的糖脂结合结构域与其天然配体神经节苷脂Gb 3（Galα1→4Galβ1→4Glcβ1→Cer）相互作用的确切性质尚待确定。确认的。为此，我们现在报道从[U - 13 C] -D-葡萄糖以同位素富集的形式合成Gb 3三糖的（2-三甲基甲硅烷基）乙基糖苷。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00577-8

文献信息

• Reaction products of lyotropic liquid crystal salt complexes
  申请人：——

  公开号：US05595683A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-01-21

  The invention provides novel polymeric and non-polymeric, liquid crystal type, chemical salt complexes of aroyl acids and monovalent and polyvalent metals. They are formed by covalent and coordinate bonding for use as electrical superconductors, as electrolytes in alkali metal batteries, electrochromic windows, static dissipative polymers, etc. The invention also provides processes for manufacturing such complexes, including the in situ formation in and on various metals and oxides. The processes also include the use of supercritical solvents such as carbon dioxide to solubilize the complexes for introduction into plastics and inorganic superconductors. The chemical complexes include the triads formed of liquid crystal aroyl salts, non-polymeric ligand solvents, and polymeric aroylacrylate salts. Both homopolymer and copolymer complexes of the metal aroylacrylates may be prepared and the latter may be cross-linked. Novel covalent, liquid crystal, reaction product complexes of lyotropic liquid crystal, metal aroylacrylate complexes and isocyanates (both polymeric and non-polymeric) are prepared. These are dyes having a high degree of conjugated unsaturation. Solutions of the reaction products of monovalent and polyvalent metal complexes can be prepared. Excess ligand solvent; used in preparing these materials can be vaporized in a controlled way to produce liquid crystal systems. These systems can be cross-linked. Supercritical fluids such as carbon dioxide can be used to dissolve these various complexes and allow their distribution into both plastic particles and powdered inorganic superconductors so as to distribute complexes uniformly throughout the particles so as to enhance properties such as electrical conductivity when the particles are formed into larger systems.

  本发明提供了一种新型的聚合物和非聚合物、液晶型、芳酰酸和一价或多价金属的化学盐复合物。它们通过共价和配位键结合形成，可用作电超导体、碱金属电池电解质、电致变色窗户、静电消散聚合物等。本发明还提供了制造这些复合物的方法，包括在各种金属和氧化物中原位形成。该方法还包括使用超临界溶剂，如二氧化碳，将复合物溶解以便引入塑料和无机超导体中。这些化学复合物包括液晶芳酰盐、非聚合物配体溶剂和聚合芳酰丙烯酸盐形成的三元组。金属芳酰丙烯酸盐的同聚物和共聚物复合物均可制备，后者可交联。还制备了新型的共价液晶反应产物复合物，包括亲垂液晶、金属芳酰丙烯酸盐复合物和异氰酸酯（聚合物和非聚合物）。这些染料具有高度共轭不饱和度。可以制备一价和多价金属复合物的反应产物溶液。用于制备这些材料的过量配体溶剂可以以受控的方式蒸发，以产生液晶系统。这些系统可以交联。超临界流体，如二氧化碳，可用于溶解这些各种复合物，并使它们均匀分布到塑料颗粒和粉末无机超导体中，以增强颗粒形成更大系统时的性能，如电导率。
• Optical and capacitance type, phase transition, humidity-responsive
  申请人：——

  公开号：US04975249A1

  公开（公告）日：1990-12-04

  The invention provides novel chemical compositions for use in primary, optical/capacitance hygrometric devices. It also provides methods for using these compositions as sensors for the precise measurements of the humidity of gases as well as the apparatus. The chemical compositions, which of themselves sense the change in water vapor pressure, are birefringent, translucent, and anisotropic at a first water vapor pressure/temperature, but non-birefringent, optically clear, and isotropic at a second vapor pressure/temperature. Optical changes which accompany these phase changes may be amplified. Some compositions, exhibit abrupt and large increases in their dielectric constant coincident with the optical changes which occur at the phase shift point. Others show a large and precisely linear change in dielectric constant over many decades of relative humidity (RH), but the optical shift occurs at a precise point within the range. By noting the capacitance readout from a prestandardized combination optical/capacitance hygrometric device at the moment of optically indicated phase shift (when the system changes from isotropic to birefringent), any drift in the electronics of the device can be immediately detected since the sensor's phase shift point is invariant. If it is desired to eliminate polarizer amplifiers because of their cost, sensor substrates can be shaped so that internal reflection within the substrate and optical coupling of the birefringent sensor to the substrate generate excellent optical signals at the sensor's trigger points. The devices and methods of the new hygrometry allow many variations on the primary requirements. If desire, the sensor can be made an integral part of a capacitance-sensitive IC.

  本发明提供了用于一次性、光学/电容湿度计设备的新型化学成分。它还提供了使用这些化合物作为气体湿度精确测量传感器的方法以及装置。这些化合物本身感知水蒸气压力的变化，它们在第一水蒸气压力/温度下是双折射、半透明和各向异性的，但在第二水蒸气压力/温度下则是非双折射、光学透明和各向同性的。伴随这些相变的光学变化可以被放大。一些化合物在相移点处表现出与光学变化同时发生的介电常数急剧增加。其他化合物则在相对湿度(RH)的许多个数量级上表现出大而精确的介电常数变化，但光学相移发生在范围内的一个精确点上。通过在光学指示相移的瞬间(当系统从各向同性变为双折射时)从预标准化组合光学/电容湿度计设备中读取电容读数，可以立即检测到设备电子学中的漂移，因为传感器的相移点是不变的。如果因成本原因需要消除偏振器放大器，传感器基板可以被形状化，使基板内部反射和双折射传感器与基板之间的光学耦合在传感器的触发点产生优异的光学信号。新湿度计的装置和方法允许许多基本要求的变化。如果需要，传感器可以成为电容敏感的集成电路的组成部分。
• Lyotropic liquid crystal salt/inorganic compound complexation products
  申请人：——

  公开号：US05354496A1

  公开（公告）日：1994-10-11

  The invention provides novel chemical complexation products for use as superconductors, polymer electrolytes for alkali metal batteries, electrolytes for electrochromic windows, static dissipative plastics, etc. It also provides for manufacturing such complexation products. The complexation products may comprise (a) lyotropic liquid crystal salts ordinarily insoluble in anhydrous, aprotic, ligand-type solvents, (b) non-polymeric ligand-type solvents containing the NCO group, (c) polymeric-type ligands containing repetitive, oxygen-bearing groups along a substantially linear chain, and (d) from 1% to 98% by weight of inorganic compounds of high surface area. The complexation and solubilization can be carried out so as to secure liquids or low viscosity pastes by heating and mixing the components in appropriate ratios. Or the components can be fluxed in a Banbury mixer or its equivalent at an elevated temperature using limited quantities of a non-polymeric, ligand-type solvent so that the final product is a solid. Vacuum processing can be used to degas these systems and insure superb wetting. Formed shapes of the products can be heated so as to remove additional non-polymeric, ligand-type solvents where desired. Depending on the inorganic compound of high surface area selected and its concentration in the final product, enhanced yield value, enhanced and stabilized superconductivity, improved abrasion resistance, and other desirable features may be secured. As an alternate mode of preparing liquid or paste compositions, the solid salt complexes can be complexed and fluidized by heating with liquid polymers such as polyethelene glycol and inorganic compounds of high surface area.

  该发明提供了新型化学络合产物，用于作为超导体、碱金属电池的聚合物电解质、电致变色窗户的电解质、静电消散塑料等。它还提供了制造这种络合产物的方法。该络合产物可以包括(a)通常不溶于无水、无极性、配体型溶剂的亲疏水性液晶盐、(b)含有NCO基团的非聚合物配体型溶剂、(c)含有重复的含氧基团沿着基本线性链的聚合物型配体和(d)重量百分比为1％至98％的高表面积无机化合物。可以通过加热和混合适当比例的组分来进行络合和溶解，从而获得液体或低粘度糊状物。或者可以在升高温度下使用有限量的非聚合物配体型溶剂在班伯里混合器或其等效物中熔融组分，以使最终产物成为固体。真空处理可用于脱气这些系统并确保出色的润湿。如果选择高表面积的无机化合物及其在最终产物中的浓度，可以获得增强的产量值、增强和稳定的超导性、改善的耐磨性和其他理想的特性。作为制备液体或糊状组合物的另一种替代模式，可以通过加热与高表面积无机化合物的液态聚合物（如聚乙二醇）来络合和流化固体盐络合物。
• Kloosterman, M.; Nijs, M. P. de; Boom, J. H. van, Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas, 1985, vol. 104, p. 126 - 128
  作者：Kloosterman, M.、Nijs, M. P. de、Boom, J. H. van

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Chemical synthesis of 13C-labelled ganglioside Gb3 trisaccharide from [U-13C]-D-glucose
  作者：Hiroki Shimizu、Jonathan M Brown、Steven W Homans、Robert A Field

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00577-8

  日期：1998.8

  glycolipid binding domain of the toxin with its natural ligand, ganglioside Gb3 (Galα1 →4Galβ1 →4Glcβ1 →Cer), remain to be confirmed. To this end we now report the synthesis of the (2-trimethylsilyl)ethyl glycoside of the Gb3 trisaccharide in isotopically enriched form from [U-13C]-D-glucose.

  细菌毒素与其细胞表面糖脂受体的相互作用为治疗干预提供了空间。尽管已经报道了大肠杆菌verotoxin-1的晶体和溶液结构，但毒素的糖脂结合结构域与其天然配体神经节苷脂Gb 3（Galα1→4Galβ1→4Glcβ1→Cer）相互作用的确切性质尚待确定。确认的。为此，我们现在报道从[U - 13 C] -D-葡萄糖以同位素富集的形式合成Gb 3三糖的（2-三甲基甲硅烷基）乙基糖苷。