Synthesis and biological evaluation of new C-10 substituted dithranol pleiotropic hybrids
作者:Stavros E. Bariamis、George E. Magoulas、Katerina Grafanaki、Eleni Pontiki、Theodore Tsegenidis、Constantinos M. Athanassopoulos、George Maroulis、Dionissios Papaioannou、Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.022
日期:2015.11
Selective alkylation of the antipsoriatic drug dithranol (DTR) at C-10 with tert-butyl bromoacetate, followed by acid-mediated deprotection, produced the corresponding carboxylic acid 4 which was coupled with selectively protected polyamines (PAs), such as putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM), dopamine and aliphatic amines and substituted benzylamines producing a series of DTR-PA hybrids, after acid-mediated deprotection, as well as simple amides. The compounds were tested as antioxidants and inhibitors of lipoxygenase (LOX). The amides 4,4'-dimethoxybenzhydrylamide 13 (86% and 95%), 2,4-dimethoxybenzylamide 12 (87% and 81%) and dodecylamide 9 (98% and 74%), and the hybrid DTR-SPM (7) (93% and 87%), showed the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH and AAPH assays, whereas the most potent inhibitors of LOX were amide 13 (IC50 = 7 mu M), the benzylamide 10 (IC50 = 7.9 mu M) and the butylamide 8 (IC50 = 10 mu M). Molecular binding studies showed that binding of these derivatives into the hydrophobic domain blocks approach of substrate to the active site, inhibiting soybean LOX. Amide 13 presented the highest anti-inflammatory activity (79.7%). The DTR moiety was absolutely necessary for securing high anti-inflammatory potency. Ethyl ester 3 (IC50 = 0.357 mu M) and the amides 9 (IC50 = 0.022 mu M) and 13 (IC50 = 0.56 mu M) exhibited higher antiproliferative activity than DTR (IC50 = 0.945 mu M) on HaCaT keratinocytes whereas amide 13 generally presented better cytocompatibility. Amide 13 is a very promising lead compound for further development as an anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative agent. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.