New Flurbiprofen Derivatives: Synthesis, Membrane Affinity and Evaluation of in Vitro Effect on β-Amyloid Levels
作者:Piera Sozio、Lisa Marinelli、Ivana Cacciatore、Antonella Fontana、Hasan Türkez、Gianfabio Giorgioni、Dario Ambrosini、Francesco Barbato、Lucia Grumetto、Stephanie Pacella、Amelia Cataldi、Antonio Di Stefano
DOI:10.3390/molecules180910747
日期:——
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by irreversible and progressive loss of memory and cognition and profound neuronal loss. Current therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD have been directed to a variety of targets with the aim of reversing or preventing the disease but, unfortunately, the available treatments often produce no significant clinical benefits. During the last decades compounds that inhibit or modulate γ-secretase, reducing β amyloid (Aβ) levels, have been considered as potential therapeutics for AD. Among these the (R)-enantiomer of flurbiprofen (FLU) seems to be very promising, but it shows low brain penetration. In this study, in order to improve the properties of FLU against Alzheimer’s pathogenesis we synthesized some novel FLU lipophilic analogues. Lipophilicity of the new molecules has been characterized in terms of clogP, log KC18/W and log K IAM/W values. Permeability has been determined in both gastrointestinal PAMPA (PAMPA-GI) at different pH values and in brain blood barrier PAMPA (PAMPA-BBB) models. They were also tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro γ-secretase activity using rat CTXTNA2 astrocytes. Interestingly, the investigated molecules demonstrated to reduce Aβ 42 levels without affecting the amyloid precursor protein APP level in a clear concentrations-dependent manner.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)的特征是不可逆的、渐进性的记忆和认知丧失以及显著的神经细胞损失。目前针对阿尔茨海默病的治疗策略主要针对多种靶点,旨在逆转或预防疾病,但不幸的是,现有的治疗往往没有显著的临床益处。在过去的几十年里,抑制或调节γ-分泌酶、减少β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)水平的化合物被认为是阿尔茨海默病的潜在治疗方案。在这些化合物中,氟比洛芬(FLU)的(R)-对映体似乎非常有前途,但其脑部渗透性较低。在本研究中,为了改善FLU在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的作用,我们合成了一些新型的FLU脂溶性类似物。新分子的脂溶性通过clogP、log KC18/W和log K IAM/W值进行了表征。其通透性在不同pH值的胃肠道PAMPA(PAMPA-GI)和脑血屏障PAMPA(PAMPA-BBB)模型中进行了测定。它们还被测试了抑制大鼠CTXTNA2星形胶质细胞体外γ-分泌酶活性的能力。有趣的是,研究的分子显示出能够在明确的浓度依赖性方式下降低Aβ 42水平,而不影响淀粉样前体蛋白APP的水平。