申请人:Hartwig F. John
公开号:US20070259774A1
公开(公告)日:2007-11-08
This invention relates to phosphoramidite compounds and catalyst complexes which can be used to provide enantioselective reactions including hydroamination reactions, etherification reactions and conjugate addition reactions and allylic substitution reactions, among others. In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to phosphoramidite and related compounds according to general structure (I), where Z is absent or is a group containing O, N or S, preferably O; R
1
and R
2
are independently an optionally substituted C
1-12
alkyl group, an optionally substituted (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic group or (CH
2
)
n
-heteroaromatic group, or are linked together to form an optionally substituted aliphatic or (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic dianion of a diol, diamine, dithiol, aminoalcohol, aminohiolate or a alcoholthiol group; R
3′
and R
3
are each independently H, an optionally substituted C
1
-C
12
alkyl group or an optionally substituted (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic group with the proviso that R
3′
and R
3
are not both H, or together R
3′
and R
3
form an optionally substituted C
5
-C
15
saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic ring; R
4
is H, an optionally substituted C
1
-C
12
alkyl group or an optionally substituted (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic group; R
5
is absent, H, an optionally substituted C
1
-C
12
alkyl group or an optionally substituted (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic or (CH
2
)
n
-heteroaromatic group; R
a
and R
a′
are each independently H or a C
1
-C
3
alkyl group, or R
a
and R
a′
together with the carbon to which they are attached form a optionally substituted C
5
-C
15
saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring; R
6
and R
7
are each independently H, an optionally substituted C
1
-C
12
alkyl group or an optionally substituted (CH
2
)
n
-aromatic group, with the proviso that R
5
, R
6
and R
7
cannot simultaneously be H, and when R
a
and R
a′
, together with the carbon to which they are attached, form a carbocyclic ring, heterocyclic ring or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, R
5
is absent or is preferably H; R
6
and R
7
are preferably H or CH
3
; and each n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and wherein at least one of the carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen of the phosphoramidite group is a chiral center.
本发明涉及磷酰胺类化合物和催化剂复合物,可用于提供对映选择性反应,包括羟胺化反应、醚化反应和共轭加成反应以及联烯取代反应等。在第一个方面,本发明涉及磷酰胺和相关化合物,其一般结构如下(I),其中Z不存在或是包含O、N或S的基团,优选为O;R1和R2分别为可选取代的C1-12烷基、可选取代的(CH2)n-芳基或(CH2)n-杂芳基,或相互连接形成可选取代的脂肪族或(CH2)n-芳香基的二阴离子的二元醇、二胺、二硫醇、氨基醇、氨基硫醇或醇硫基基团;R3'和R3各自独立地为H、可选取代的C1-C12烷基或可选取代的(CH2)n-芳基,但须满足R3'和R3不能同时为H,或者R3'和R3共同形成可选取代的C5-C15饱和或不饱和的碳环;R4为H、可选取代的C1-C12烷基或可选取代的(CH2)n-芳基;R5不存在、为H、可选取代的C1-C12烷基或可选取代的(CH2)n-芳基或(CH2)n-杂芳基;Ra和Ra'各自独立地为H或C1-C3烷基,或者Ra和Ra'与它们附着的碳共同形成可选取代的C5-C15饱和或不饱和的碳环或杂环,或芳香或杂芳环;R6和R7各自独立地为H、可选取代的C1-C12烷基或可选取代的(CH2)n-芳基,但须满足R5、R6和R7不能同时为H,且当Ra和Ra'与它们附着的碳共同形成碳环、杂环或芳香或杂芳环时,R5不存在或优选为H;R6和R7优选为H或CH3;每个n独立地为0、1、2、3、4、5或6,其中至少有一个连接到磷酰胺基团氮上的碳原子是手性中心。