N-(N-γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycyl methyl disulfide

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: N-(N-γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycyl methyl disulfide
• 英文别名: S-methylmercapto-L-glutathione；S-methylmercaptoglutathione；GSSM；S-Methylthio glutathione；(2S)-2-amino-5-[[(2R)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-3-(methyldisulfanyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₉N₃O₆S₂
• 分子量: 353.42
• InChiKey: JNHSMKPVSPHKIJ-BQBZGAKWSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -4.1
• 重原子数：
  22
• 可旋转键数：
  11
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.64
• 拓扑面积：
  209
• 氢给体数：
  5
• 氢受体数：
  9

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  甲基硫代磺酸甲酯 、 谷胱甘肽 以 aq. phosphate buffer 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 1.5h， 以90%的产率得到N-(N-γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycyl methyl disulfide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Characterizations of Two Bacterial Persulfide Dioxygenases of the Metallo-β-lactamase Superfamily

  摘要：

  Persulfide dioxygenases (PDOs), also known as sulfur dioxygenases (SDOs), oxidize glutathione persulfide (GSSH) to sulfite and GSH. PDOs belong to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily and play critical roles in animals, plants, and microorganisms, including sulfide detoxification. The structures of two PDOs from human and Arabidopsis thaliana have been reported; however, little is known about the substrate binding and catalytic mechanism. The crystal structures of two bacterial PDOs from Pseudomonas putida and Myxococcus xanthus were determined at 1.5- and 2.5-angstrom resolution, respectively. The structures of both PDOs were homodimers, and their metal centers and beta-lactamase folds were superimposable with those of related enzymes, especially the glyoxalases II. The PDOs share similar Fe(II) coordination and a secondary coordination sphere-based hydrogen bond network that is absent in glyoxalases II, in which the corresponding residues are involved instead in coordinating a second metal ion. The crystal structure of the complex between the Pseudomonas PDO and GSH also reveals the similarity of substrate binding between it and glyoxalases II. Further analysis implicates an identical mode of substrate binding by known PDOs. Thus, the data not only reveal the differences in metal binding and coordination between the dioxygenases and the hydrolytic enzymes in the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily, but also provide detailed information on substrate binding by PDOs.

  DOI：

  10.1074/jbc.m115.652537

文献信息

• PROCESS OF PREPARING CONJUGATES OF ALLIUM ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS WITH AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES, AND PROTEINS
  申请人：Parkin Kirk L.

  公开号：US20110082282A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-04-07

  Processes using Allium tissue homogenates and extracts in a simple and cost-effective manner to maximize the yields and recovery of thiosulfinates from Allium tissues and related organisms possessing alliinase, LF synthase and/or S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxides are disclosed.

  本发明揭示了使用Allium组织匀浆和提取物的过程，以简单且经济有效的方式最大化从Allium组织和相关生物中具有alliinase、LF合成酶和/或S-烷基-L-半胱氨酸亚砜的硫代磺酸盐的产量和回收率。
• A Tissue Homogenate Method To Prepare Gram-Scale Allium Thiosulfinates and Their Disulfide Conjugates with Cysteine and Glutathione
  作者：Guodong Zhang、Kirk L. Parkin

  DOI：10.1021/jf4003818

  日期：2013.3.27

  The health benefits of Allium vegetables are widely attributed to the enzyme-derived organosulfur compounds called thiosulfinates (TS). However, the lack of a suitable method to prepare TS in good yields has hampered the evaluation of their biological activities. This paper describe a simple enzymatic method using Allium tissue homogenates as a reaction system to prepare gram-scale TS, including those enriched in 1-propenyl groups, which are particularly difficult to obtain. This method is simple, easy to scale up, and requires no column purification step, making it suitable for practical large-scale production of Allium TS. The prepared TS were further utilized to prepare the disulfide conjugates with cysteine and glutathione (CySSR and GSSR, R = methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-propenyl, and allyl), which are the presumptive metabolites of TS. Among all of the Allium CySSR and GSSR conjugates, the newly prepared glutathione conjugate with 1-propenyl TS, GSSPe, showed the most potent effect to induce quinone reductase (QR, a representative phase II enzyme) in murine hepatoma cells (Hepa 1c1c7) and inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells (RAW 264.7).
• RhCl3-catalyzed disulfide exchange reaction using water solvent in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems
  作者：Mieko Arisawa、Atsushi Suwa、Masahiko Yamaguchi

  DOI：10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.11.049

  日期：2006.3

  RhCl3 catalyzed the alkylthio exchange reaction of hydrophilic disulfides in water under homogeneous conditions, and equilibrium was attained in several hours. The reaction was applied to the exchange Of unprotected glutathione disulfide. The reaction of dimethyl disulfide and hydrophilic distilfides under heterogeneous conditions also proceeded effectively. The mechanism turned out to be dependent on the water solubility of the substrates: The reaction of bis(3-hydroxypropyl) disulfide took place in the dimethyl disulfide phase, whereas the reaction of bis(6-aminohexyl) disulfide dihydrochloride proceeded in the water phase. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Cysteine and Glutathione Mixed-Disulfide Conjugates of Thiosulfinates: Chemical Synthesis and Biological Activities
  作者：Guodong Zhang、Bin Li、Chen-Hsien Lee、Kirk L. Parkin

  DOI：10.1021/jf9029354

  日期：2010.2.10

  The chemical syntheses of cysteine (CYS) and glutathione (GSH) mixed -disulfide conjugates (CySSR, GSSR, respectively) of mercapto residues representing most of the R groups of thiosulfinates (R = methyl, ethyl, propyl, and allyl) are described. Gram-scale conjugates were prepared as >98% pure preparations, with 80% reaction yield for each of the two seminal synthesis steps, with structures confirmed by H-1 NMR and high-resolution MS analyses. These conjugates are derivatives of thiosulfinates that may be evolved in processed foods, in the digestive tract, and through in vivo metabolism. The prepared conjugates were found to be able to induce quinone reductase (QR, a representative phase II enzyme) in murine hepatoma cells (Hepa 1c1c7) and to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells (RAW 264.7), indicating they have potential cancer preventive and anti-inflammatory activities. Among the prepared conjugates, the allyl conjugates of CYS and GSH, S-allylmercaptocysteine (CySSA) and S-allylmercaptoglutathione (GSSA), showed the most potent activity regarding QR induction and NO production inhibition. The conjugates with saturated R groups were also active and conferred biological activity as cystine and oxidized glutathione exhibited no effects in these cellular assays.
• US8481284B2
  申请人：——

  公开号：US8481284B2

  公开（公告）日：2013-07-09