申请人:Gebhardt Joachim
公开号:US20110224433A1
公开(公告)日:2011-09-15
A process for manufacturing 5,6-disubstituted-3-pyridylmethyl ammonium bromides (I),
wherein
Q is a tertiary aliphatic or cyclic, saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic amine;
Z is hydrogen or halogen;
Z
1
is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro;
Y and Y
1
are each independently OR
1
, NR
1
R
2
, or when taken together YY
1
is —O—, —S— or NR
3
—;
R
1
and R
2
are each independently hydrogen,
C
1
-C
4
alkyl optionally substituted with C
1
-C
4
alkoxy or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C
1
-C
4
alkyl groups, C
1
-C
4
alkoxy groups or halogen atoms, or
phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C
1
-C
4
alkyl groups, C
1
-C
4
alkoxy groups or halogen atoms;
R
3
is hydrogen or C
1
-C
4
alkyl;
comprises the steps of
(i) reacting a compound of formula (II),
wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent mixture comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase, where the organic phase comprises a solvent selected from 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene and tetrachloromethane, and where the pH-value of the aqueous phase is from 3 to <8, to obtain a 3-bromomethyl-5,6-disubstituted pyridine compound (III),
wherein Y, Y
1
, Z and Z
1
have the meanings given in formula (I), and
(ii) reacting the bromo compound of formula (III) with a tertiary amine base Q in a solvent at a temperature range of about 0° C. to 100° C.
一种制造5,6-二取代-3-吡啶基甲基铵溴化物(I)的方法,其中Q是三级脂肪或环状、饱和、部分不饱和或芳香胺;Z是氢或卤素;Z1是氢、卤素、氰基或硝基;Y和Y1各自独立地是OR1、NR1R2,或当一起取YY1时为-O-、-S-或NR3-;R1和R2各自独立地是氢、C1-C4烷基,可选地取代C1-C4烷氧基或苯基,可选地取代一到三个C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或卤素原子的苯基,或可选地取代一到三个C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或卤素原子的苯基;R3是氢或C1-C4烷基;包括以下步骤:(i)在包含水相和有机相的溶剂混合物中,有机相包括从1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯、1,2-二氯苯、1,3-二氯苯、1,4-二氯苯和四氯化碳中选择的溶剂,水相的pH值为3到<8的条件下,在自由基引发剂的存在下,将式(II)的化合物与溴反应,得到3-溴甲基-5,6-二取代吡啶化合物(III),其中Y、Y1、Z和Z1具有式(I)中的含义,以及(ii)在溶剂中,将式(III)的溴化合物与三级胺碱Q反应,在温度范围约为0℃至100℃。