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亚硫酸氢铵 | 10192-30-0

中文名称
亚硫酸氢铵
中文别名
酸式亚硫酸铵
英文名称
ammonium bisulfite
英文别名
ammonium hydrogen sulfite;ammonium bisulphite;ammonium bisulfite salt;schwefligsaurem Ammoniak;azane;sulfurous acid
亚硫酸氢铵化学式
CAS
10192-30-0;10196-04-0
化学式
HO3S*H4N
mdl
——
分子量
99.1106
InChiKey
ZETCGWYACBNPIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    147°C
  • 密度:
    2.03g/cm3
  • 溶解度:
    溶于水
  • LogP:
    -1.591 (est)
  • 物理描述:
    Ammonium bisulfite is colorless crystals which are soluble in water. It is noncombustible. It is corrosive to aluminum. It is a strong irritant to skin and mucous membranes. It is toxic by skin absorption.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless crystals
  • 沸点:
    Sublimates at 302.0° F (USCG, 1999)
  • 分解:
    150 °C
  • 腐蚀性:
    A corrosive solid.

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.29
  • 重原子数:
    5
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    80.6
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    4

ADMET

毒理性
  • 暴露途径
该物质可以通过摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 吸入症状
咳嗽。呼吸急促。喘息。
Cough. Shortness of breath. Wheezing.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 皮肤症状
Redness.
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 眼睛症状
Redness.
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 摄入症状
腹痛。恶心。呕吐。
Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    8
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2693
  • 海关编码:
    3102290000
  • 危险类别:
    8
  • 包装等级:
    III

SDS

SDS:c104b29141474795e09999cedbc183c3
查看

制备方法与用途

化学性质
白色斜方棱晶,易溶于水。

用途
用作防腐剂和还原剂,也用于制造二氧化硫、保险粉等产品。此外,还可用作制取液态二氧化硫(100%SO₂)、保险粉(Na₂S₂O₄)以及吊白块(NaHSO₂·CH₂O·2H₂O)的原料。在制药工业中,它用作还原剂。

生产方法
通过吸收法,在两个填料塔中使用氨水依次吸收接触法制备硫酸时产生的尾气,制得亚硫酸氢铵溶液。反应方程式如下: [ 2\text{NH}_3\cdot\text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{SO}_2 → (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} ] [ (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_3 + \text{SO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} → 2\text{NH}_4\text{HSO}_3 ]

类别
腐蚀物品

可燃性危险特性
受热分解,产生有毒二氧化硫和氨气。

储运特性
需存放在通风、低温、干燥的库房中,并与其他碱类分开存放。

灭火剂
使用砂土、雾状水或二氧化碳进行灭火。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    亚硫酸氢铵 以 not given 为溶剂, 生成 二氧化硫
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Foerster, F.; Lange, F.; Drossbach, O., Zeitschrift fur anorganische Chemie, 1923, vol. 128, p. 245 - 342
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    ammonium sulfite monohydrate 生成 亚硫酸氢铵
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Muspratt, J. S., Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1844, vol. 50, p. 270
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    马来酸酐癸醛甘油对甲苯磺酸sodium acetate亚硫酸氢铵 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 反应 14.0h, 生成
    参考文献:
    名称:
    一种脂肪醛缩甘油磺基琥珀酸单酯盐及其制 备工艺
    摘要:
    本发明公开了一种阴离子表面活性剂脂肪醛缩甘油磺基琥珀酸单酯盐及其制备工艺,属于精细化工表面活性剂技术领域。本工艺包括以下步骤:1.缩醛化反应:以水为溶剂,采用有机酸作为催化剂,催化甘油与饱和脂肪醛发生缩醛化反应制备脂肪醛缩甘油;2.酯化反应:以有机碱为催化剂,催化脂肪醛缩甘油和马来酸酐发生酯化反应制备脂肪醛缩甘油马来酸单酯;3.磺化反应:以亚硫酸的钠、钾或铵盐为磺化剂,与脂肪醛缩甘油马来酸单酯发生磺化反应制备脂肪醛缩甘油磺基琥珀酸单酯盐。本发明合成的产品纯度高,阴离子活性物含量高,降低水溶液表面张力的能力强,泡沫丰富,可降解,具有工艺操作简便、节能环保、便于工业化实施的优点。
    公开号:
    CN105218511B
点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • Process for the preparation of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene and
    申请人:Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    公开号:US04973758A1
    公开(公告)日:1990-11-27
    The characteristic of the improved process for the preparation of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene is to carry out the alkaline pressure hydrolysis of the disodium salt of naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic acid at temperatures from 270.degree. to 290.degree. C. and under 14 to 20 bar using an excess of sodium hydroxide solution such that the molar ratio NaOH/disodium salt of naphthalenesulphonic acid is at least 12:1. The 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene which is obtained in this manner, without hazard and in substantially higher purity, is then aminated with ammonia in the presence of ammonium bisulphite to give 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, it being possible to achieve a further increase in the degree of purity of the 1,5-diaminonaphthalene by increasing the molar ratio NH.sub.3 /1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene to at least 6:1.
    改进的1,5-二羟基萘和1,5-二氨基萘制备工艺的特点是,在270℃至290℃和14至20巴的条件下,过量的氢氧化钠溶液使NaOH / 萘磺酸二钠的摩尔比至少为12:1,对萘磺酸二钠进行碱性压力水解。以这种方式获得的1,5-二羟基萘,无危险且纯度显著提高,然后在硫酸氢铵存在下,用氨基化剂进行氨基化反应,得到1,5-二氨基萘。通过将NH3 / 1,5-二羟基萘的摩尔比增加至至少6:1,可以进一步提高1,5-二氨基萘的纯度。
  • Synthesis and characterization of layered metal sulfates containing MII3(μ<sub>3</sub>-OH/F)<sub>2</sub>(M = Mg, Co) diamond chains
    作者:Subba R. Marri、Sudipta Mahana、Dinesh Topwal、J. N. Behera
    DOI:10.1039/c6dt04142f
    日期:——
    M3(μ3-OH/F)2 units (M = Co: 1, Mg: 2). Magnetic studies of 1 reveal its ferromagnetic nature with a transition at 10.8 K and show it does not exhibit spin-glass freezing. Isothermal magnetization shows a hysteresis loop at 2.5 K with a coercive field of 1200 Oe and remnant magnetization of 0.1μB. A sharp λ-like anomaly is also seen in the heat capacity curve, favoring long range magnetic ordering below
    组成为[C 4 N 2 H 12 ] 2 [Co 3 F 2(SO 4)3(H 2 O)2 ],(1)和[NH 4 ] 2 [Mg 3(OH)的钴和硫酸镁2(SO 4)3(H 2 O)2 ],(2)分别在水/溶剂热条件下合成,并通过IR光谱,元素分析,粉末X射线衍射(PXRD),能量色散X射线光谱(EDX),热重分析(TGA)和X射线单晶衍射。1和2分别在正交空间群Pnma和Cmc 2中结晶。而1是由有机阳离子哌嗪模板,2在铵离子的存在下获得的。该层状结构由包括M的金刚石链形成3(μ 3 -OH / F)2:单位(M = CO 1以下,Mg:2)。磁性研究1揭示了其铁磁性质,在10.8 K处有跃迁,并且没有表现出自旋玻璃冻结。等温磁化示出了在2.5 K A磁滞回线与1200 Oe的矫顽场和0.1的剩余磁化μ乙。在热容量曲线中也可以看到一个类似λ的尖锐异常,这有利于T c以下的长距离磁序。
  • Synthesis and characterization of robust three-dimensional chiral metal sulfates
    作者:J. N. Behera、Joydeep Bhattacharjee、Satoshi Horike、Subba R. Marri、Prem P. Dahiya
    DOI:10.1039/c4ra09471a
    日期:——

    Chiral three-dimensional Mg(ii) and Mn(ii) sulfates have been synthesized, well characterized and studied from first-principles calculations. High temperature X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and DFT calculations reveal that the structures of both the compounds remain intact even after the thermal decomposition of the ammonium ion.

    手性的三维Mg(II)和Mn(II)硫酸盐已经被合成、表征并从第一性原理计算中研究。高温X射线衍射、热重分析和DFT计算表明,即使在铵离子热分解后,两种化合物的结构仍然保持完整。
  • Single-vessel process for preparing 2-acetaminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic
    申请人:Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    公开号:US04908478A1
    公开(公告)日:1990-03-13
    A single-vessel process for preparing 2-acetaminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid of high purity by sulfonating 2-hydroxynaphthalene with concentrated sulfuric acid, converting the 2-hydroxynaphthalenesulfonic acid formed with ammonia in the presence of ammonium hydrogensulfite into 2-amino-naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (Bucherer reaction) and N-acetylating the latter to give 2-acetaminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid, which comprises, after diluting the sulfonating melt with water, substantially removing any impurities still present in the resulting aqueous solution of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid, in particular 2-hydroxynaphthalene, by extraction with toluene or xylene and/or clarification using active carbon.
    一种单釜工艺,用浓硫酸磺化2-羟基萘,将所形成的2-羟基萘磺酸与氨在硫酸氢铵存在下反应(Bucherer反应),制备高纯度的2-乙酰氨基萘-6-磺酸。然后对后者进行N-乙酰化,以得到2-乙酰氨基萘-6-磺酸。该方法包括将磺化熔体用水稀释后,通过用甲苯或二甲苯萃取和/或使用活性炭澄清,从所得的2-羟基萘-6-磺酸水溶液中实质性地去除任何仍然存在的杂质,特别是2-羟基萘。
  • Process for regenerating brines containing sodium sulfites and sulfates
    申请人:Institut Francais du Petrole
    公开号:US04164543A1
    公开(公告)日:1979-08-14
    Process for regenerating brines containing simultaneously sodium sulfites and sulfates so as to produce sulfur dioxide and an alkaline solution usable for absorbing sulfur dioxide, comprising contacting the brine with ammonium bisulfate, sodium bisulfate and ammonium sulfite to produce sulfur dioxide and an enriched solution of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate, which is reacted with CO.sub.2 and ammonia to obtain solid sodium bicarbonate which is decomposed to form CO.sub.2 and an enriched solution of ammonium sulfate, containing dissolved ammonium bicarbonate, which is heated with a reducing agent so as to decompose the ammonium sulfate to ammonia and ammonium bisulfate which is partly reduced to gaseous ammonia and sulfur dioxide, said process including several recycling steps.
    用于再生同时含有亚硫酸钠和硫酸盐的卤水,以产生二氧化硫和可用于吸收二氧化硫的碱性溶液的过程,包括将卤水与硫酸氢铵、硫酸氢钠和亚硫酸铵接触,以产生二氧化硫和富集的硫酸钠和硫酸铵溶液,该溶液与CO.sub.2和氨反应以获得固态碳酸氢钠,分解后形成CO.sub.2和富集的硫酸铵溶液,其中含有溶解的碳酸氢铵,该溶液与还原剂加热以分解成氨和硫酸氢铵,后者部分还原为氨气和二氧化硫,该过程包括几个循环步骤。
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