2-methyl-but-2-enedioic acid 4-methyl ester

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: 2-methyl-but-2-enedioic acid 4-methyl ester
• 英文别名: (Z)-4-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
• 化学式: C₆H₈O₄
• 分子量: 144.127
• InChiKey: TXHMXVHHWXUAQZ-ARJAWSKDSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.3
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  63.6
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  柠康酸二甲酯 在 AH-33 (Amano Proleather FG), hydrolase enzyme 、 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 作用下， 以 异丙醇 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 59.0h， 生成 2-methyl-but-2-enedioic acid 4-methyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  涉及烯还原酶的三酶系统，用于生成有价值的手性构件

  摘要：

  烯还原酶（ERED）酶用于烯烃的不对称还原为金属催化的不对称还原提供了一种绿色的，可再生的替代方法。我们在此报告在辅因子循环中使用羰基还原酶（CRED）酶大规模进行的ERED催化的对映体特异性还原的第一个实例。该反应已与水解酶介导的区域选择性酯水解配对，可使用简单的一锅法生成有价值的手性结构单元。

  DOI：

  10.1002/adsc.201101006

文献信息

• Regioselective hydrolysis of diesters of (Z)- and (E)-2-methyl-butenedioic acids by PLE
  作者：Rudolf Schmid、Vassilia Partali、Thorleif Anthonsen、Henrik W Anthonsen、Lise Kvittingen

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01834-2

  日期：2001.11

  (Z)- and (E)-2-methyl-butenedioic acids (citraconic and mesaconic acid) were hydrolysed by pig live esterase, PLE. For the diethyl esters the enzyme showed low regioselectivity for both the (Z)- and the (E)-isomers. However, the hydrolysis of dimethyl and dipropyl (Z)-2-methyl-butenedioic acid gave a ratio of the monoesters of 95:5 and 85:15.

  （Z）-和（E）-2-甲基-丁烯二酸（柠康酸和中康酸）的二甲酯，二乙酯和二丙酯被猪活酯酶PLE水解。对于二乙酯，该酶对（Z）-和（E）-异构体均显示低的区域选择性。然而，二甲基和二丙基（Z）-2-甲基丁烯二酸的水解给出单酯的比例为95：5和85:15。
• Toner and charge control agent using pyrazolone derivative or salt of derivative
  申请人：HODOGAYA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.

  公开号：US10474050B2

  公开（公告）日：2019-11-12

  The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charge control agent for polymerized toners and particularly for color toners, which has a large charge amount and environmentally stable charging characteristics. Since a charge control agent including a pyrazolone derivative represented by a general formula (1) or a salt of the derivative as an active ingredient has a large charge amount and excellent environmental stability of charging, it has an excellent charge-imparting effect for use in polymerized toners and particularly in color toners: in the formula, R1, R2, and R3 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic group.

  本发明的目的是提供一种用于聚合色调剂，特别是彩色调剂的电荷控制剂，其具有大的电荷量和环境稳定的充电特性。由于包括一种由通式（1）表示的吡唑酮衍生物或其衍生物的盐作为活性成分的电荷控制剂具有大的电荷量和优异的环境稳定性，因此它具有在聚合色调剂，特别是彩色调剂中使用的优异的充电效果：在该式中，R1，R2和R3各自独立地表示取代或未取代的C1到C20线性或支链烷基，取代或未取代的芳香烃基，取代或未取代的芳香杂环基或取代或未取代的紧缩多环芳香基。
• Vinylidene fluoride copolymer, and binder composition containing the copolymer for non-aqueous solvent type secondary battery
  申请人：KUREHA KAGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA

  公开号：EP0601754A1

  公开（公告）日：1994-06-15

  A vinylidene fluoride copolymer containing a carboxyl group or a carbonate group is formed by copolymerizing a monomer principally comprising vinylidene fluoride with a relatively small amount of an unsaturated dibasic acid monoester or vinylene carbonate. The copolymer has a large adhesion to various substrates or fillers and is excellent in chemical resistance, so that it is useful as a basic substance constituting a binder, an adhesive, a paint, etc. The copolymer is particularly effectively used as a binder for constituting an electrode for a non-aqueous solvent-type secondary battery together with an active substance, or an active substance and an electroconductive material, respectively in a particulate form.

  一种含有羧基或碳酸基的偏氟乙烯共聚物是由主要由偏氟乙烯组成的单体与相对少量的不饱和二元酸单酯或碳酸乙烯酯共聚而成。这种共聚物与各种基材或填料的粘合力大，耐化学性好，因此可用作构成粘结剂、粘合剂、涂料等的基本物质。该共聚物作为粘合剂，与活性物质或活性物质和导电材料分别以颗粒形式构成非水溶剂型二次电池的电极，尤其有效。
• Epoxy group-containing vinylidene fluoride copolymer and its application to secondary battery
  申请人：KUREHA KAGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA

  公开号：EP0751157A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-01-02

  A vinylidene fluoride copolymer having a relatively high molecular weight is formed by copolymerizing (a) vinylidene fluoride as a principal component, (b) a small amount of epoxy group-containing monomer, and (c) an optional component, such as an unsaturated dibasic acid monoester functioning as a curing agent for the epoxy group. When cured with an optional epoxy curing agent, the vinylidene fluoride copolymer provides a cured product having an adhesion with a metal substrate, etc., and also showing excellent solvent resistance and chemical resistance. The vinylidene fluoride copolymer is particularly suitable for constituting a binder for producing an electrode for non-aqueous solvent-type secondary battery.

  一种具有相对较高分子量的偏氟乙烯共聚物是由以下物质共聚而成：(a) 作为主成分的偏氟乙烯；(b) 少量含环氧基的单体；(c) 任选成分，如作为环氧基固化剂的不饱和二元酸单酯。当与任选的环氧固化剂一起固化时，偏氟乙烯共聚物可提供一种与金属基材等具有粘合力的固化产品，同时还具有优异的耐溶剂性和耐化学性。这种偏氟乙烯共聚物尤其适用于构成粘合剂，用于生产非水溶剂型二次电池的电极。
• POLYMER ELECTROLYTE AND LITHIUM-BASE SECONDARY CELL MADE THEREWITH
  申请人：Daikin Industries, Ltd.

  公开号：EP1049108A1

  公开（公告）日：2000-11-02

  A polymer electrolyte prepared by impregnating a vinylidene copolymer with a nonaqueous electrolyte, the copolymer comprising 35-99 mole %, particularly 75-95 mole %, of repeating units derived from vinylidene fluoride, 1-50 mole %, particularly 5-25 mole %, of repeating units derived from tetrafluoroethylene, and 0-10 mole % of a monomer copolymerizable therewith, and the copolymer having a melting point of 80°C or higher, particularly 100°C or higher, a crystallinity of 20-80%, particularly 20-50%, and a molecular weight of 50,000-500,000 (NMP solvent, calculated as polystylene).

  一种聚合物电解液，其制备方法是将亚乙烯基共聚物浸渍在非水电解液中，该共聚物包含 35-99 摩尔%，特别是 75-95 摩尔%的由亚乙烯基氟化物衍生的重复单元，1-50 摩尔%，特别是 5-25 摩尔%的由四氟乙烯衍生的重复单元，以及 0-10 摩尔%的可与之共聚的单体、和 0-10 摩尔%可与之共聚的单体，共聚物的熔点为 80°C 或更高，特别是 100°C 或更高，结晶度为 20-80%，特别是 20-50%，分子量为 50,000-500,000 （NMP 溶剂，按聚苯计算）。