Processes are disclosed for the synthesis of a cracked product from a starting substrate having a carbonyl functional group (C=O), with hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at alpha and beta positions, relative to the carbonyl functional group. In one embodiment, an alpha-, beta-dihydroxy carboxylic acid or carboxylate is dehydrated to form a dicarbonyl intermediate by transformation of the alpha-hydroxy group to a second carbonyl group and removal of the beta-hydroxy group. The dicarbonyl intermediate is cracked to form the cracked product in which the first and second carbonyl groups are preserved. Either or both of (i) the cracked product and (ii) a second cracked product generated from cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond of the dicarbonyl intermediate, may be hydrogenated to form additional products.
本发明公开了从具有羰基官能团(C = O)的起始底物合成裂解产物的方法,其中在α和β位置相对于羰基官能团具有羟基取代的碳原子。在一种实施例中,α,β-二羟基
羧酸或
羧酸盐通过将α-羟基转化为第二个羰基团并去除β-羟基而脱
水形成二羰基中间体。该二羰基中间体裂解形成裂解产物,其中保留第一和第二羰基团。裂解产物和/或从二羰基中间体的碳-碳键裂解产生的第二裂解产物可以氢化以形成额外的产物。