1,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-2-yne

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 杂芳族化合物
• 英文名称: 1,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-2-yne
• 英文别名: 2-(4-Thiophen-2-ylbut-2-ynyl)thiophene；2-(4-thiophen-2-ylbut-2-ynyl)thiophene
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₀S₂
• 分子量: 218.343
• InChiKey: SYCAWAZSYMRDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  4
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.17
• 拓扑面积：
  56.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-2-yne 、 1-benzylcyclopropan-1-ol 在 四(三苯基膦)钯 、 tris[tert-butyl]phosphonium tetrafluoroborate 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以81%的产率得到(Z)-1-phenyl-5,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)hex-5-en-2-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  钯催化炔烃与环丙醇的加氢烷基化：获得γ，δ-不饱和酮

  摘要：

  已经开发了钯与环丙醇的炔烃加氢烷基化反应。该反应为中等到良好的产率合成γ，δ-不饱和酮提供了直接的方法，具有很高的原子经济性和Z / E选择性。氘化的三取代烯烃也可以方便地使用氧化氘作为助溶剂来生产。

  DOI：

  10.1002/adsc.201800200
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-噻吩乙腈 在 3-己炔 、 NW(OC(CF3)2Me)3(DME) 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 22.0h， 以75%的产率得到1,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-2-yne
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthetic, Mechanistic, and Computational Investigations of Nitrile-Alkyne Cross-Metathesis

  摘要：

  The terminal nitride complexes NW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(3)(DME) (1-DME), [Li(DME)(2)][NW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(4)] (2), and [NW(OCMe2CF3)(3)](3) (3) were prepared in good yield by salt elimination from [NWCl3](4). X-ray structures revealed that 1-DME and 2 are monomeric in the solid state. All three complexes catalyze the cross-metathesis of 3-hexyne with assorted nitriles to form propionitrile and the corresponding alkyne. Propylidyne and substituted benzylidyne complexes RCW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(3) were isolated in good yield upon reaction of 1-DME with 3-hexyne or 1-aryl-1-butyne. The corresponding reactions failed for 3. Instead, EtCW(OC(CF3)Me-2)(3) (6) was prepared via the reaction of W-2(OC(CF3)Me-2)(6) with 3-hexyne at 95 degrees C. Benzylidyne complexes of the form ArCW(OC(CF3)Me-2)(3) (Ar = aryl) then were prepared by treatment of 6 with the appropriate symmetrical alkyne ArCCAr. Three coupled cycles for the interconversion of 1-DME with the corresponding propylidyne and benzylidyne complexes via [2 + 2] cycloaddition-cycloreversion were examined for reversibility. Stoichiometric reactions revealed that both nitrile-alkyne cross-metathesis (NACM) cycles as well as the alkyne cross-metathesis (ACM) cycle operated reversibly in this system. With catalyst 3, depending on the aryl group used, at least one step in one of the NACM cycles was irreversible. In general, catalyst 1-DME afforded more rapid reaction than did 3 under comparable conditions. However, 3 displayed a slightly improved tolerance of polar functional groups than did 1-DME. For both 11-DME and 3, ACM is more rapid than NACM under typical conditions. Alkyne polymerization (AP) is a competing reaction with both 1-DME and 3. It can be suppressed but not entirely eliminated via manipulation of the catalyst concentration. As AP selectively removes 3-hexyne from the system, tandem NACM-ACM-AP can be used to prepare symmetrically substituted alkynes with good selectivity, including an arylene-ethynylene macrocycle. Alternatively, unsymmetrical alkynes of the form EtCCR (R variable) can be prepared with good selectivity via the reaction of RCN with excess 3-hexyne under conditions that suppress AP. DFT calculations support a [2 + 2) cycloaddition-cycloreversion mechanism analogous to that of alkyne metathesis. The barrier to azametalacyciobutadiene ring formation/breakup is greater than that for the corresponding metalacyclobutadiene. Two distinct high-energy azametalacyclobutadiene intermediates were found. These adopted a distorted square pyramidal geometry with significant bond localization.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja800020w

文献信息

• Catalytic Nitrile-Alkyne Cross-Metathesis
  作者：Andrea M. Geyer、Robyn L. Gdula、Eric S. Wiedner、Marc J. A. Johnson

  DOI：10.1021/ja0693439

  日期：2007.4.1

  The first catalytic cross-metathesis reaction of an alkyne with a nitrile is described. The nitride complex NW(OC(CF3)(2)CH3)(3)(DME) undergoes reversible triple-bond metathesis reactions with alkynes (RCCR; R = Et, 4-C6H4OMe), forming the alkylidyne complexes RCW(OC(CF3)(2)CH3)(3)(DME) (R = Et, 4-C6H4OMe) along with the corresponding nitrile RCN. This has been exploited to effect catalytic cross-metathesis of nitriles with alkynes, in which the organic CR fragments of two nitriles are coupled to yield an alkyne. A simple "sacrificial" alkyne (3-hexyne) acts as the N-atom acceptor, forming two equivalents of nitrile byproduct (propionitrile).
• Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Alkynes with Cyclopropanols: Access to γ,δ-Unsaturated Ketones
  作者：Hao Liu、Zhiyuan Fu、Shang Gao、Yue Huang、Aijun Lin、Hequan Yao

  DOI：10.1002/adsc.201800200

  日期：2018.8.17

  A palladium‐catalyzed hydroalkylation of alkynes with cyclopropanols has been developed. This reaction provided a straightforward way to the synthesis of γ,δ‐unsaturated ketones in moderate to good yields, exhibiting high atom economy and Z/E selectivity. Deuterated tri‐substituted alkenes could also be expediently produced by using deuterium oxide as a co‐solvent.

  已经开发了钯与环丙醇的炔烃加氢烷基化反应。该反应为中等到良好的产率合成γ，δ-不饱和酮提供了直接的方法，具有很高的原子经济性和Z / E选择性。氘化的三取代烯烃也可以方便地使用氧化氘作为助溶剂来生产。
• Synthetic, Mechanistic, and Computational Investigations of Nitrile-Alkyne Cross-Metathesis
  作者：Andrea M. Geyer、Eric S. Wiedner、J. Brannon Gary、Robyn L. Gdula、Nicola C. Kuhlmann、Marc J. A. Johnson、Barry D. Dunietz、Jeff W. Kampf

  DOI：10.1021/ja800020w

  日期：2008.7.1

  The terminal nitride complexes NW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(3)(DME) (1-DME), [Li(DME)(2)][NW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(4)] (2), and [NW(OCMe2CF3)(3)](3) (3) were prepared in good yield by salt elimination from [NWCl3](4). X-ray structures revealed that 1-DME and 2 are monomeric in the solid state. All three complexes catalyze the cross-metathesis of 3-hexyne with assorted nitriles to form propionitrile and the corresponding alkyne. Propylidyne and substituted benzylidyne complexes RCW(OC(CF3)(2)Me)(3) were isolated in good yield upon reaction of 1-DME with 3-hexyne or 1-aryl-1-butyne. The corresponding reactions failed for 3. Instead, EtCW(OC(CF3)Me-2)(3) (6) was prepared via the reaction of W-2(OC(CF3)Me-2)(6) with 3-hexyne at 95 degrees C. Benzylidyne complexes of the form ArCW(OC(CF3)Me-2)(3) (Ar = aryl) then were prepared by treatment of 6 with the appropriate symmetrical alkyne ArCCAr. Three coupled cycles for the interconversion of 1-DME with the corresponding propylidyne and benzylidyne complexes via [2 + 2] cycloaddition-cycloreversion were examined for reversibility. Stoichiometric reactions revealed that both nitrile-alkyne cross-metathesis (NACM) cycles as well as the alkyne cross-metathesis (ACM) cycle operated reversibly in this system. With catalyst 3, depending on the aryl group used, at least one step in one of the NACM cycles was irreversible. In general, catalyst 1-DME afforded more rapid reaction than did 3 under comparable conditions. However, 3 displayed a slightly improved tolerance of polar functional groups than did 1-DME. For both 11-DME and 3, ACM is more rapid than NACM under typical conditions. Alkyne polymerization (AP) is a competing reaction with both 1-DME and 3. It can be suppressed but not entirely eliminated via manipulation of the catalyst concentration. As AP selectively removes 3-hexyne from the system, tandem NACM-ACM-AP can be used to prepare symmetrically substituted alkynes with good selectivity, including an arylene-ethynylene macrocycle. Alternatively, unsymmetrical alkynes of the form EtCCR (R variable) can be prepared with good selectivity via the reaction of RCN with excess 3-hexyne under conditions that suppress AP. DFT calculations support a [2 + 2) cycloaddition-cycloreversion mechanism analogous to that of alkyne metathesis. The barrier to azametalacyciobutadiene ring formation/breakup is greater than that for the corresponding metalacyclobutadiene. Two distinct high-energy azametalacyclobutadiene intermediates were found. These adopted a distorted square pyramidal geometry with significant bond localization.