methyl 7-methoxy-1,3-dimethylindole-2-carboxylate

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 英文名称: methyl 7-methoxy-1,3-dimethylindole-2-carboxylate
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₅NO₃
• 分子量: 233.267
• InChiKey: NRFNSMZETSUYBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.5
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.31
• 拓扑面积：
  40.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-甲氧基-N-甲基苯胺 在 dirhodium tetraacetate Amberlyst 15 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 methyl 7-methoxy-1,3-dimethylindole-2-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  N-H Insertion Reactions of Rhodium Carbenoids: A Modified Bischler Indole Synthesis

  摘要：

  在醋酸铑（II）催化下，δ-偶氮δ-酮ters 与 N-甲基苯胺发生反应，导致类羰基插入 N-H 键；生成的δ-（N-芳基氨基）酮在酸性离子交换树脂的处理下环化生成吲哚。

  DOI：

  10.1055/s-1998-1610

文献信息

• N–H Insertion reactions of rhodium carbenoids. Part 3.1 The development of a modified Bischler indole synthesis and a new protecting-group strategy for indoles
  作者：Katherine E. Bashford、Anthony L. Cooper、Peter D. Kane、Christopher J. Moody、Sendogagounder Muthusamy、Elizabeth Swann

  DOI：10.1039/b202666j

  日期：2002.7.11

  A modified version of the Bischler indole synthesis has been developed in which the key step is the N–H insertion reaction of rhodium carbene intermediates derived from α-diazo-β-ketoesters with anilines. Thus N-methylanilines 1 react with diazoketoesters 2 in the presence of dirhodium(II) acetate to give (N-arylamino)ketones 3, cyclisation of which using boron trifluoride–ethyl acetate or acidic ion exchange resin gives the indoles 4. In order to extend this method to the synthesis of N-unsubstituted indoles, a new protecting group strategy for indoles was developed. In this, anilines are reacted with α,β-unsaturated-esters or -sulfones to give the conjugate addition products 6 and 9, cyclisation of which gives indoles 8 and 11. The N-(2-ethoxycarbonylethyl)- and -(2-sulfonylethyl)- protecting groups are readily removed from indoles 8 and 11 by treatment with base.

  一种改进的Bischler吲哚合成方法已被开发，其中关键步骤是铑卡宾中间体从α-重氮-β-酮酯与苯胺的N-H插入反应。因此，N-甲基苯胺1与重氮酮酯2在二铑(II)醋酸盐存在下反应生成(N-芳氨基)酮3，使用三氟化硼-乙酸乙酯或酸性离子交换树脂进行环化反应得到吲哚4。为了将这种方法扩展到N-未取代的吲哚的合成，开发了一种新的吲哚保护基团策略。在此过程中，苯胺与α,β-不饱和酯或砜反应生成共轭加成产物6和9，其环化反应生成吲哚8和11。N-(2-乙氧羰基乙基)- 和 -(2-砜乙基)- 保护基团通过用碱处理从吲哚8和11中容易地去除。
• The acid-promoted reactions of phenyliodonium ylides with substituted anilines and their applications to the synthesis of indoles
  作者：Xianpei Wang、Bing Han、Junyan Wang、Wei Yu

  DOI：10.1039/c0ob00201a

  日期：——

  N-substituted anilines 1 react readily with phenyliodonium ylides 2 derived from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of a catalytic amount of BF3·Et2O, forming the C–N coupling products 3, which are precursors for the synthesis of indoles. On the basis of this result, the direct synthesis of indoles from 1 and 2 under thermal conditions and photochemical conditions was explored. The transformations could

  这 ñ取代的苯胺1容易与苯碘鎓叶立德2衍生自1,3-二羰基在催化量的BF 3 ·Et 2 O存在下，这些化合物形成C–N偶联产物3，它们是吲哚合成的前体。基于该结果，探索了在热条件和光化学条件下从1和2直接合成吲哚的方法。转化可以在热条件下以单锅方式或在光化学条件下以串联方式实现。
• One-pot synthesis of N-methylindoles from N-methylanilines and of benzofurans from phenols using transition-metal carbene X–H insertion reactions
  作者：Mark A. Honey、Alexander J. Blake、Ian B. Campbell、Brian D. Judkins、Christopher J. Moody

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2009.07.077

  日期：2009.10

  Transition-metal carbene X–H insertion reactions (X=N or O) have been employed in the simple conversion of anilines and phenols into indoles and benzofurans, respectively. Thus copper(II) catalyzed N–H insertion reactions of α-diazo-β-ketoesters with N-methylanilines followed by treatment with acidic ion-exchange resin gives indoles. In a similar manner, dirhodium(II) catalyzed O–H insertion reactions

  过渡金属卡宾X–H插入反应（X = N或O）已分别用于将苯胺和苯酚分别简单地转化为吲哚和苯并呋喃。因此，铜（II）催化α-重氮-β-酮酸酯与N-甲基苯胺的N–H插入反应，然后用酸性离子交换树脂处理，得到了吲哚。以类似的方式，二甲叉（II）催化α-重氮-β-酮酸酯与酚的O–H插入反应，然后用PPA处理得到苯并呋喃。