Small Molecule Inhibitors of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-S100B Reveal Two Protein Conformations
作者:Michael C. Cavalier、Mohd. Imran Ansari、Adam D. Pierce、Paul T. Wilder、Laura E. McKnight、E. Prabhu Raman、David B. Neau、Padmavani Bezawada、Milad J. Alasady、Thomas H. Charpentier、Kristen M. Varney、Eric A. Toth、Alexander D. MacKerell、Andrew Coop、David J. Weber
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01369
日期:2016.1.28
The drug pentamidine inhibits calcium-dependent complex formation with p53 ((Ca)S100Bp53) in malignant melanoma (MM) and restores p53 tumor suppressor activity in vivo. However, off-target effects associated with this drug were problematic in MM patients. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were therefore completed here with 23 pentamidine analogues, and X-ray structures of (Ca)S100Binhibitor complexes revealed that the C-terminus of S100B adopts two different conformations, with location of Phe87 and Phe88 being the distinguishing feature and termed the FF-gate. For symmetric pentamidine analogues ((Ca)S100B5a, (Ca)S100B6b) a channel between sites 1 and 2 on S100B was occluded by residue Phe88, but for an asymmetric pentamidine analogue ((Ca)S100B17), this same channel was open. The (Ca)S100B17 structure illustrates, for the first time, a pentamidine analog capable of binding the open form of the FF-gate and provides a means to block all three hot spots on (Ca)S100B, which will impact next generation (Ca)S100Bp53 inhibitor design.