Preparation of benzo- and polybenzocrown ethers by macrocyclization reactions
作者:Robert E. Hanes、Jong Chan Lee、Sheryl N. Ivy、Anna Palka、Richard A. Bartsch
DOI:10.3998/ark.5550190.0011.718
日期:——
the method was used for the preparation of monobenzocrown ethers. Interestingly, for the preparation of monobenzocrown ethers, [2+2] adducts were discovered to be significantly contaminating the products. Dimesylates were chosen as the leaving group due to their ease or preparation and the ability to use the unpurified products with no apparent impact on the macrocyclization.
Flavonoid Dimers and Methods of Making and Using Such
申请人:Chan Tak-Hang
公开号:US20090197943A1
公开(公告)日:2009-08-06
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. The best characterized resistance mechanism is the one mediated by the over-expression of drug efflux transporters, permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp), which pump a variety of anticancer drugs out of the cells, resulting in lowered intracellular drug accumulation. A series of flavonoid dimers are developed in this invention, which are linked together by linker groups of various lengths. These flavonoid dimers are found to be efficient P-gp modulators that increase cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs in vitro and dramatically enhance their intracellular drug accumulation. It is found that the flavonoid dimers of this invention is also useful in reducing drug resistance in treating parasitic diseases.
Modulation of Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Multidrug Resistance by Bivalent Apigenin Homodimers and Their Derivatives
作者:Iris L. K. Wong、Kin-Fai Chan、Ka Hing Tsang、Chi Yin Lam、Yunzhe Zhao、Tak Hang Chan、Larry Ming Cheung Chow
DOI:10.1021/jm900194w
日期:2009.9.10
Here we showed that bivalency approach is effective in modulating multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-mediated doxorubicin (DOX) and etoposide (VP16) resistance in human 2008/MRP1 ovarian carcinoma cells. Flavonoid dimers bearing five or six ethylene glycol (EG) units with 6-methyl (4e, 4f) or 7-methyl (5e, 5f) substitution on the ring A of flavonoid dimers have the highest modulating activity for DOX against MRP1 with an EC50 ranging from 73 to 133 nM. At 0.5 mu M, the flavonoid dimer 4e was sufficient to restore DOX accumulation in 2008/MRP1 to parental 2008/P level. Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plot suggested that it is likely a competitive inhibitor of DOX transport with a K-i = 0.2 mu M. Our data suggest that flavonoid dimers have a high affinity toward binding to DOX recognition site of MRP1. This results in inhibiting DOX transport, increasing intracellular DOX retention, and finally resensitizing 2008/MRP1 to DOX. The present study demonstrates that flavonoid dimers can be employed as an effective modulator of MRP1-mediated drug resistance in cancer cells.
Flavonoid Dimers as Bivalent Modulators for P-Glycoprotein-Based Multidrug Resistance: Synthetic Apigenin Homodimers Linked with Defined-Length Poly(ethylene glycol) Spacers Increase Drug Retention and Enhance Chemosensitivity in Resistant Cancer Cells
作者:Kin-Fai Chan、Yunzhe Zhao、Brendan A. Burkett、Iris L. K. Wong、Larry M. C. Chow、Tak Hang Chan
DOI:10.1021/jm060593+
日期:2006.11.1
Much effort has been spent on searching for better P-glycoprotein- ( P-gp-) based multidrug resistance ( MDR) modulators. Our approach was to target the binding sites of P-gp using dimers of dietary flavonoids. A series of apigenin-based flavonoid dimers, linked by poly( ethylene glycol) chains of various lengths, have been synthesized. These flavonoid dimers modulate drug chemosensitivity and retention in breast and leukemic MDR cells with the optimal number of ethylene glycol units equal to 2-4. Compound 9d bearing four ethylene glycol units increased drug accumulation in drug-resistant cells and enhanced cytotoxicity of paclitaxel, doxorubicin, daunomycin, vincristine, and vinblastine in drug- resistant breast cancer and leukemia cells in vitro, resulting in reduction of IC50 by 5-50 times. This compound also stimulated P-gp's ATPase activity by 3.3-fold. Its modulating activity was presumably by binding to the substrate binding sites of P-gp and disrupting drug efflux.
TALMA A. G.; VOSSEN H. VAN; SUDHOLTER E. J. R.; EERDEN J. VAN; REINHOUDT +, SYNTHESIS,(1986) N 8, 680-683
作者:TALMA A. G.、 VOSSEN H. VAN、 SUDHOLTER E. J. R.、 EERDEN J. VAN、 REINHOUDT +