A general method for the formation of N-hydroxyindoles is demonstrated through a lead-promoted intramolecular reductive cyclization of o-nitrobenzyl ketones and aldehydes under transfer hydrogenation conditions. The N-hydroxyindoles are isolated in high purity and excellent yield (>90%) in an operationally simple procedure. This new method is exemplified by a two-step synthesis of the naturally occurring
A Practical Synthesis of α-Aryl Methyl Ketones via a Transition-Metal-Free Meerwein Arylation
作者:Carmela Molinaro、Jeffrey Mowat、Francis Gosselin、Paul D. O'Shea、Jean-François Marcoux、Rémy Angelaud、Ian W. Davies
DOI:10.1021/jo062483g
日期:2007.3.1
We report herein a simple, scalable, transition-metal-free approach to the synthesis of α-aryl methyl ketones from diazonium tetrafluoroborate salts under mild conditions. This methodology uses easily accessible and nontoxic startingmaterial and was applied to the multi-kilogram-scale preparation of 1-(3-bromo-4-methylphenyl)propan-2-one.
Novel crystalline forms of two indole compounds connected to phenoxyalkylcarboxylic acid groups are selective PPAR gamma partial agonists that are useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, and the metabolic syndrome. The novel crystal forms include a crystalline free acid dihydrate and crystalline free acid anhydrate of one compound and several crystalline forms of the free acid and the sodium salt of the second compound. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these novel crystal forms, processes to prepare the crystal forms and their pharmaceutical compositions, and uses of the crystal forms in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other PPAR gamma modulated diseases.