Practical and highly versatile, the reaction of readily available (2‐chlorophenyl)acetylene and hydrazine substrates affords substituted 2H‐indazoles in just a few hours under very mildreaction conditions (see scheme; DMF=N,N‐dimethylformamide). The catalyzed domino sequence consists of a regioselective coupling followed by an intramolecular hydroamination and subsequent isomerization of the resulting
Transition metal catalyzed synthesis of 2H-indazoles
申请人:HALLAND Nis
公开号:US20100234601A1
公开(公告)日:2010-09-16
The present invention relates to a process for the regioselective synthesis of compounds of the formula I,
wherein R0; R1; R2; R3; R4; R5; A1; A2; A3; A4, Q and J have the meanings indicated in the claims. The present invention provides a direct transition metal catalyzed process to a wide variety of multifunctional 2H-indazoles or 2H-azaindazoles of the formula (I) from 2-halo-phenylacetylenes or (2-sulfonato)phenylacetylenes and monosubstituted hydrazines.
Transition metal catalyzed synthesis of N-aminoindoles
申请人:HALLAND Nis
公开号:US20100168429A1
公开(公告)日:2010-07-01
The present invention relates to a process for the regioselective synthesis of compounds of the formula I,
wherein R0; R1; R2; R3; R4; R5; R6; A1; A2; A3; A4, Q, T and J have the meanings indicated in the claims. The present invention provides a direct transition metal catalyzed process to a wide variety of multifunctional N-aminoindole or N-amino-azaindoles of the formula I from 2-halo-phenylacetylenes or (2-sulfonato)phenyl-acetylenes and N,N-disubstituted hydrazines, useful for the production of pharmaceuticals, diagnostic agents, liquid crystals, polymers, herbicides, fungicidals, nematicidals, parasiticides, insecticides, acaricides and arthropodicides.
Aryl alkynylation versus alkyne homocoupling: unprecedented selectivity switch in Cu, phosphine and solvent-free heterogeneous Pd-catalysed couplings
作者:Marco Bandini、Rafael Luque、Vitaly Budarin、Duncan J. Macquarrie
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.082
日期:2005.10
Sonogashira reaction and oxidative dimerisation of terminal alkynes are among the most relevant and attractive C-C bond forming transformations in the metallo-catalysed cross-coupling scenario. Often, the homocoupling reactions of substituted acetylenic derivatives are concomitant to the Sonogashira pathway and time-consuming optimization procedures are required in order to reach satisfactory levels of selectivity. In this paper, the potential of a class of Pd-complexes loaded to mesoporous silica gel in promoting the Sonogashira reaction between aryl acetylenes and iodoarenes is underlined. This family of heterogeneous organo-palladium systems allows the desired cross-coupled compounds to be isolated in excellent yield under very mild conditions. In fact, the absence of organic solvents, copper(I) co-catalyst and phosphane ligands, (which are easily oxidisable and whose preparation has a heavy environmental impact), in conjunction with the low catalyst loading ([Pd] 0.1-1 mol%) and its recoverability, stresses the environmental benefits of the protocol. The Sonogashira/homocoupling selectivity proved to be function of the haloarene employed. As a matter of fact, while iodoarenes bearing EWG (electron withdrawing groups) on the phenyl ring underwent smoothly the Sonogashira pathway, electron-rich iodobenzenes showed opposite behaviour by mainly furnishing the homocoupling product. The use of bromoarenes provided solely the homocoupling product in excellent yield without themselves being consumed. This is despite that fact that the catalysts used activate bromoarenes equally as well as iodoarenes in both Heck and Suzuki systems. Kinetic investigations revealed a highly temperature-dependent profile, which indicates strongly that the reaction takes place at the surface. Finally, the full heterogeneous character of the catalytically active species as well as the reusability of the immobilised Pd-complex were confirmed by hot-filtration test and by multiple reuses of the supported catalyst in subsequent Sonogashira cross-couplings. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Three-component indole synthesis using ortho-dihaloarenes
作者:Ludwig T. Kaspar、Lutz Ackermann
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2005.09.095
日期:2005.11
A three-component synthesis of substituted indoles is accomplished starting from ortho-dihaloarenes through the use of a multicatalytic system consisting of an N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complex and CuI. The corresponding indole derivatives are obtained as single regioisomers in high yields of isolated product. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.