已经报道了由3-吲哚基甲醇和炔烃酸促进的环戊[ b ]吲哚骨架的合成。整个变换表示通过重新排列而形成的正式[3 + 2]圆环。该方案对甲醇底物和炔烃显示出良好的通用性,并允许生成结构多样的环戊[ b ]吲哚。发现末端炔烃,二烷基取代的内部炔烃和具有电子不足的取代基的炔烃不适合该转化。同样,N -Ts和N -Boc基团与反应条件兼容,而N -Ac和N-Tf未能进行此反应。氯乙烯中间体的分离表明涉及乙烯基碳阳离子中间体。已经提出了一种机制,包括开环-闭环级联反应,然后通过螺环丁烯中间体进行1,3-吲哚迁移过程。
Microwave Irradiated Solventless Sonogashira Reaction on Nickel(0) Powder Doped KF/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
作者:Min Wang、Pinhua Li、Lei Wang
DOI:10.1081/scc-200026232
日期:2004.1
irradiated solventless Sonogashira coupling reaction catalyzed by nanosize nickel(0) powder on potassium fluoride–alumina mixture has been developed. Terminal alkynes couple with aryl, alkenyl iodide, and aryl bromide in the presence of cuprous iodide, triphenylphosphine, and ultrafine particle nickel(0) on potassium fluoride–alumina to generate the corresponding cross‐coupling products.
CuI-Catalyzed Suzuki−Miyaura and Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reactions Using DABCO as Ligand
作者:Jin-Heng Li、Ji-Lan Li、De-Ping Wang、Shao-Feng Pi、Ye-Xiang Xie、Man-Bo Zhang、Xi-Chao Hu
DOI:10.1021/jo0623742
日期:2007.3.1
presence of TBAB, CuI-catalyzedSuzuki−Miyauracross-coupling of vinyl halides and aryl halides with arylboronic acids was conducted smoothly to afford the corresponding diarylethenes and polyaryls in moderate to good yields usingDABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) as the ligand. We also found that the inexpensive CuI/DABCO catalytic system was effective for Sonogashiracross-couplings of aryl halides
The Sonogashira coupling reaction catalyzed by ultrafine nickel(0) powder
作者:Lei Wang、Pinhua Li、Yicheng Zhang
DOI:10.1039/b314246a
日期:——
The Sonogashira coupling reaction catalyzed by ultrafine nickel(0) powder has been developed; terminal alkynes couple with aryl, alkenyl iodide and aryl bromide in the presence of cuprous iodide, triphenylphosphine, potassium hydroxide and ultrafine particle nickel(0) to provide the corresponding cross-coupling products with high yields.
Elite cliques: Palladiumclusters with three and four atoms were found to be the catalyticallyactivespecies for ligand‐free palladium‐catalyzed CC bond‐forming reactions (see picture). These palladiumclusterspecies could be stabilized in water and stored for long periods of time for use on demand with no loss of activity. High yields of products and turnover frequencies (TOFs) of up to 105 h−1
精英集团:发现具有三个和四个原子的钯簇是无配体钯催化的CC键形成反应的催化活性物种(见图)。这些钯簇物种可以在水中稳定下来,并可以长期保存,以供按需使用,而不会损失活性。观察到高产量的产品和高达10 5 h -1的周转频率(TOF)。
Microwave-Assisted Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Alkynes with Aryl Iodides and Vinyl Halides
作者:Chin-Fa Lee、Wen-Ting Tsai、Yun-Yung Lin、Yu-Jen Wang
DOI:10.1055/s-0031-1290813
日期:2012.5
copper-catalyzed coupling of terminalalkynes with aryl iodides and vinyl halides is reported. In general, the reactions are completed in 10–30 min using 2–5 mol% [CuI(xantphos)] as a catalyst to provide the corresponding alkynes and enynes in good to excellent yields. A broad spectrum of aryl iodides, vinyl iodides, and bromides are coupled with aryl- and alkyl alkynes. The microwave-assisted, copper-catalyzed