Glycerol Isopropyl Ethers: Direct Synthesis from Alcohols and Synthesis by the Reduction of Solketal
作者:Vadim O. Samoilov、Maria O. Onishchenko、Dzhamalutdin N. Ramazanov、Anton L. Maximov
DOI:10.1002/cctc.201700108
日期:2017.7.24
to the synthesis of glycerol isopropyl ethers by the etherification of glycerol. The direct synthesis of glycerol isopropyl ethers from isopropanol and glycerol requires severe conditions (T=130–150 °C, p(H2)=20–35 bar) and a large excess of isopropanol to reach a considerable yield. The main reaction products in the catalytic reduction of solketal are glycerol mono‐ and di‐isopropyl ethers and solketal
A coalescent composition selected from 1,3-(C6-C12alkyloxy)-2-propanol, 1,1'-oxybis[3-(C6-C12alkyloxy)]-2-propanol, and mixtures thereof is provided. Preferred coalescents are 1,3-(decyloxy)-2-propanol and 1,1'-oxybis[3-(heptyloxy)]-2-propanol. A method for forming glycerol diethers and diglycerol diethers, an aqueous coating composition including the coalescent compositions and a method for forming a coating are also provided.
Substituierte Purine, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung als antivirale Mittel
申请人:HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号:EP0452680A1
公开(公告)日:1991-10-23
Verbindungen der Formel I
in der die Substituenten R₁ bis R₅ die genannten Bedeutungen haben, besitzen eine antivirale Wirksamkeit.
式 I 的化合物
其中的取代基 R₁ 至 R₅ 具有上述含义,具有抗病毒活性。
Alternative fuel and fuel additive compositions
申请人:CPS Biofuels, Inc.
公开号:US10344235B2
公开(公告)日:2019-07-09
Alternative gasoline, diesel fuel, marine diesel fuel, jet fuel, and flexible fuel compositions are disclosed. The compositions include an alcohol and/or a glycerol ether or mixture of glycerol ethers, which can be derived from renewable resources. When combined with gasoline/ethanol blends, glycerol ethers can reduce the vapor pressure of ethanol and increase fuel economy. Added to diesel fuel/alcohol blends, glycerol ethers improve the cetane value of the blends. In jet fuel, glycerol ethers can replace all or part of conventional deicing additives, lowering skin toxicity, and glycerol ethers ability to reduce particulate emissions can lower the appearance of contrails. Used in marine diesel, the reduction in particulate emissions can be environmentally significant. In another embodiment, the alternative compositions comprise gasoline, ethanol, and n-butanol, and in one aspect, the ethanol and/or n-butanol can be derived from renewable resources. Fuel additive compositions, including glycerol ethers and hydrocarbons and/or alcohols, are also disclosed.
A process for the removal of water from gas which comprises an absorption step of bringing a gas (
1
) saturated with water vapour into gas-liquid contact with a water-lean absorbing liquid (
3
) comprising a water absorbing liquid having a cloud point temperature above the freezing point of water whereby water vapour present in the gas is absorbed into the water-lean absorbing liquid at a temperature below its cloud point to produce a refined gas (
4
) having a reduced water vapour content and water-loaded absorbing liquid (
5
); and a regeneration step of heating the water-loaded absorbing liquid (
5
) to above the cloud point temperature of the absorbing liquid whereby the water-loaded absorbing liquid separates into a water-rich phase (
7
) and an absorbing liquid-rich phase (
8
) and cooling the absorbing liquid-rich phase to a temperature below its cloud point prior to recycling the absorbing liquid-rich phase for use as water-lean absorbing liquid (
3
) in the absorption step.