Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers, Diaryl Thioethers, and Diarylamines Mediated by Potassium Fluoride−Alumina and 18-Crown-6: Expansion of Scope and Utility1
摘要:
An efficient alternative to the Ullmann ether synthesis of diaryl ethers, diaryl thioethers, and diarylamines involving the SNAr addition of a phenol, thiophenol, or aniline to an appropriate aryl halide, mediated by potassium-fluoride alumina and 18-crown-6 in acetonitrile or DMSO, is described. Expansion of the reaction conditions to include DMSO as solvent has resulted in a far greater range of substitution patterns permitted on the electrophile. For example, it was found that electronically unfavorable S-chlorobenzonitrile could be condensed with 3-methoxyphenol to form the corresponding diaryl ether in 66% yield, a combination not normally amenable to Ullmann coupling. Electron-withdrawing groups present on the electrophile may be as diverse as nitro, cyano, formyl, acetyl, ester, amide, and even aryl. The method features a simple reaction procedure that provides products in generally good to excellent purified yields.
7-Hydroxylucanthone, 7-hydroxhycanthone and their analogs
申请人:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
公开号:US04539412A1
公开(公告)日:1985-09-03
7-Hydroxylucanthone and 7-hydroxyhycanthone derivatives have been found to have significant antitumor effect. The derivatives are of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are lower alkyl groups or other simple groups and R.sup.3 is OH where X.dbd.O, and H or OH where X.dbd.S.
An Improved Synthetic Method of 1-Chloro-7-methoxy-9<i>H</i>-thioxanthen-9-one
作者:Hua-Zhong He、Chul-Hoon Kwon
DOI:10.1081/scc-120021832
日期:2003.1.8
1-Chloro-7-methoxy-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (3) was prepared via cyclization of 2-chloro-6-(4-methoxyphenylthio)-benzonitrile (1) in a one pot, two step reaction with improved yield (60%) over the previous literature report.
ARCHER, SYDNEY;PICA-MATTOCCIA, LIVIA;CIOLI, DONATO;SEYED-MOZAFFARI, AHMAD+, J. MED. CHEM., 31,(1988) N 1, 254-260
Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers, Diaryl Thioethers, and Diarylamines Mediated by Potassium Fluoride−Alumina and 18-Crown-6: Expansion of Scope and Utility<sup>1</sup>
作者:J. Scott Sawyer、Elisabeth A. Schmittling、Jayne A. Palkowitz、William J. Smith
DOI:10.1021/jo980800g
日期:1998.9.1
An efficient alternative to the Ullmann ether synthesis of diaryl ethers, diaryl thioethers, and diarylamines involving the SNAr addition of a phenol, thiophenol, or aniline to an appropriate aryl halide, mediated by potassium-fluoride alumina and 18-crown-6 in acetonitrile or DMSO, is described. Expansion of the reaction conditions to include DMSO as solvent has resulted in a far greater range of substitution patterns permitted on the electrophile. For example, it was found that electronically unfavorable S-chlorobenzonitrile could be condensed with 3-methoxyphenol to form the corresponding diaryl ether in 66% yield, a combination not normally amenable to Ullmann coupling. Electron-withdrawing groups present on the electrophile may be as diverse as nitro, cyano, formyl, acetyl, ester, amide, and even aryl. The method features a simple reaction procedure that provides products in generally good to excellent purified yields.