A simple and practical thio-Michael addition of α,β-unsaturatedamides catalyzed by Nmm-based ionic liquids with a 1,2-propanediol group has been developed. All the α,β-unsaturatedamides without substituents at the carbon end could smoothly react with sulfur-nucleophiles in water. Meanwhile for thio-Michael addition of α,β-unsaturatedamides with substituents at the carbon end, the relevant product
An environmentally benign and highly efficient supramolecular Michael addition of thiols from the secondary side of beta-cyclodextrin to alpha,beta-unsaturated compounds at the primary side in water is described in quantitative yields; products of undesirable side reactions resulting from polymerization are not observed; the use of cyclodextrin precludes the use of either acid or base and the catalyst
A series of novel N-methyl piperidine (Nmp)-based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group are synthesized and used as catalysts for both hetero-Michael addition of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides and Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water; and all the examined substrates could be transformed into corresponding products in good to excellent yields. Meanwhile IL-catalyzed hetero-Michael addition of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides in water has not been reported in the previous literatures. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable for the two reactions. This finding provides a green catalyst for both hetero-Michael addition of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides and Knoevenagel condensation in water.