Synthesis and Notable Antimalarial Activity of Acyclic Peroxides, 1-(Alkyldioxy)-1-(methyldioxy)cyclododecanes
摘要:
Of several bis(alkyldioxy)alkanes and the related acyclic peroxides prepared in this study, 1,1-bis(methyldioxy)cyclododecane showed the most notable antimalarial activity particularly in vivo (almost a half of that of artemisinin).
以碘为催化剂,研究了酮和醛的过氧化反应。酮在10摩尔%的碘存在下与30%的过氧化氢水溶液反应,生成乙腈中的宝石二氢过氧化物和甲醇中的氢过氧缩酮。包括雄甾烷-3,17-二酮在内的各种环状酮的加氢过氧化产率为60-98%,而无环酮的转化效率相近。芳香醛也可以在乙腈中以过氧化氢和碘为催化剂,转化为宝石二氢过氧化物,在甲醇中转化为氢过氧缩醛,而脂肪族醛的反应性与未催化反应相同。叔-丁基氢过氧化物以类似方式反应,得到相应的过醚衍生物。还对二氢过氧化的相对动力学进行了研究,根据该动力学,Hammet方程给出的反应常数(ρ)为-2.76,这表明过渡态中强烈的正电荷发展以及再杂交在氢过氧半水合物向宝石转化中的重要作用-二氢过氧化物。在乙腈中,碘催化剂显然能够区分消除羟基,甲氧基和氢过氧基与将水,甲醇和H 2 O 2加至羰基之间。
Sulfamic acid has been used as an active, low-cost and reusable solid catalyst for conversion of ketones and aldehydes to corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides using 30 % aqueous hydrogen peroxide at room temperature. The reactions proceed with high rates and excellent yields.
Generation of Singlet Oxygen from Fragmentation of Monoactivated 1,1-Dihydroperoxides
作者:Jiliang Hang、Prasanta Ghorai、Solaire A. Finkenstaedt-Quinn、Ilhan Findik、Emily Sliz、Keith T. Kuwata、Patrick H. Dussault
DOI:10.1021/jo202265j
日期:2012.2.3
short 1O2 lifetimes, and there is a need for oxygenations able to be conducted in organic solvents. We now report that monoactivated derivatives of 1,1-dihydroperoxides undergo a previously unobserved fragmentation to generate high yields of singletmolecularoxygen (1O2). The fragmentations, which can be conducted in a variety of organic solvents, require a geminal relationship between a peroxyanion and
分子氧 ( 1 O 2 )的第一个单线激发态是化学、生物学和医学中的重要氧化剂。1 O 2最常通过基态氧的光敏激发产生。1 O 2也可以通过过氧化氢和其他过氧化物的分解化学生成。然而,大多数这些“暗氧化”需要与短1 O 2相关的富水介质寿命,并且需要能够在有机溶剂中进行氧化。我们现在报告 1,1-二氢过氧化物的单活化衍生物经历了以前未观察到的碎裂,以产生高产率的单线态分子氧 ( 1 O 2 )。可以在多种有机溶剂中进行的断裂需要过氧阴离子和被激活以进行异裂裂解的过氧化物之间存在孪生关系。该反应适用于一系列骨架和活化基团,通过原位活化,可直接应用于 1,1-二氢过氧化物。我们的调查表明,碎裂涉及过氧阴离子的限速形成,过氧阴离子通过类似 Grob 的过程分解。
Phosphomolybdic Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-Tetraoxanes
1,1-Dihydroperoxides were converted into 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes through condensation with the corresponding ketones in 36-91% yields using phosphomolybdic acid as the catalyst and anhydrous MgSO4 as the water scavenger.
We developed an efficient dihydroperoxidation protocol of various carbonyl compounds with molecularoxygen and anthraquinone in 2-propanol under visible lightirradiation with a fluorescent lamp, which produced corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides in high yields.
Activation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide for non-catalyzed dihydroperoxidation of ketones by azeotropic removal of water
作者:K. Starkl Renar、S. Pečar、J. Iskra
DOI:10.1039/c5ob01503k
日期:——
Cyclic and acyclic ketones were selectively converted to gem-dihydroperoxides in 72–99% yield with 30% aq. hydrogen peroxide by azeotropic distillation of water from the reaction mixture without any catalyst.