Efficient and selective preparation of amides from arylamines and esters has been achieved with an AlCl3/Et3N pair under mild conditions. A large number of arylamines were successfully acylated to the corresponding amides in high yields and short reaction times. For instance, a 94% yield of p-bromoacetanilide was obtained from p-bromoaniline and ethyl acetate in 10 min at room temperature. In addition, a computational study on the N-acylation of amines was performed using density functional theory. It was found that the energy barrier for N-acylation of aniline is 10 kcal/mol higher than that of methylamine. In the presence of AlCl3, the activation energy for the N-acylation of aniline was reduced by 27.7 kcal/mol with the endothermic process becoming exothermic. In this work, the efficient and selective preparation of amides from arylamines and esters has been performed successfully with an AlCl3/Et3N pair under mild conditions. A large number of arylamines were acylated to the corresponding amides with high yields and short reaction times. In addition, a computational study on the N-acylation of amines has been carried out using the density functional theory (DFT) method.
在温和条件下,利用
AlCl3/Et3N配对实现了芳香胺与酯的高效选择性酰胺制备。大量芳香胺成功地被酰化为相应的酰胺,产率高且反应时间短。例如,从对
溴苯胺和
乙酸乙酯在室温下反应10分钟获得了94%的对
溴乙酰苯胺。此外,使用密度泛函理论对胺的N-酰化进行了计算研究。研究发现,
苯胺的N-酰化能量障碍比
甲胺高10 kcal/mol。在 的存在下,
苯胺的N-酰化活化能降低了27.7 kcal/mol,导致吸热过程转变为放热过程。本文成功实现了在温和条件下利用 /Et3N配对从芳香胺与酯中高效选择性地制备酰胺,大量芳香胺被酰化为相应的酰胺,产率高且反应时间短。此外,还利用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法对胺的N-酰化进行了计算研究。